Principal Organs of the United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is a global organization founded in 1945, aimed at promoting peace, security, and cooperation among nations. It comprises six principal organs, each with distinct functions and responsibilities.
1. General Assembly
- The main deliberative body where all 193 member states have equal representation.
- It discusses and makes decisions on a wide range of international issues, including peace and security, development, and human rights.
2. Security Council
- Responsible for maintaining international peace and security.
- Comprises 15 members, including five permanent members (USA, UK, France, Russia, and China) with veto power.
3. International Court of Justice (ICJ)
- The principal judicial organ of the UN.
- Settles legal disputes between states and provides advisory opinions on legal questions referred by the General Assembly or Security Council.
4. Secretariat
- Led by the Secretary-General, it carries out the day-to-day work of the UN.
- Responsible for implementing decisions made by other organs and managing various UN programs and initiatives.
5. Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)
- Promotes international economic and social cooperation and development.
- Consists of 54 member states, focusing on issues like sustainable development and human rights.
6. Trusteeship Council
- Established to oversee the administration of trust territories and ensure their advancement towards self-governance.
- Currently inactive, as all trust territories have attained self-governance.
In summary, the UN's six principal organs work collectively to address global challenges and maintain international order.