Separation of Camphor and Naphthalene through Sublimation
Sublimation is the process where a solid changes directly into a gas without passing through the liquid phase. Both camphor and naphthalene can sublimate, but they have different sublimation points, which allows for their separation.
Understanding the Sublimation Process
- Sublimation Point:
- Camphor: Approximately 175°C
- Naphthalene: Approximately 80°C
- Principle of Separation:
- By heating a mixture of camphor and naphthalene, the component with the lower sublimation point (naphthalene) will sublimate first.
Materials Needed
- Mixture of camphor and naphthalene
- Heat source (Bunsen burner or hot plate)
- Watch glass or a beaker
- Ice bath or cold surface
- Filter paper (optional)
Procedure
1. Setup:
- Place the mixture in a heat-resistant container.
2. Heating:
- Gradually heat the container. Monitor the temperature carefully.
3. Sublimation of Naphthalene:
- As the temperature rises, naphthalene will sublimate first, forming gas.
4. Condensation:
- Direct the gas onto a cold surface (like an ice bath) where it will condense back into solid form.
5. Collection:
- Collect the sublimated naphthalene crystals. Continue heating to separate camphor if needed.
Conclusion
This method effectively separates camphor and naphthalene based on their distinct sublimation points, allowing for the collection of each compound in its solid form after sublimation and condensation processes.