Hydrogen bonding occurs in which type of crystalline solids?

a)
Molecular solids

b)
Ionic solids

c)
Network solids

d)
Metallic solids

Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Hydrogen bonding occurs in which type of crystalline solids?a)Molecular solidsb)Ionic solidsc)Network solidsd)Metallic solidsCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Answer

Molecular solids... ..  Directly given in ncert

Answer

Molecular solids consist of atoms or molecules held to each other by dipole–dipole interactions, London dispersion forces, or hydrogen bonds, or any combination of these.

Answer

Molecular solids consist of atoms or molecules held to each other by dipole–dipole interactions, London dispersion forces, or hydrogen bonds

Answer

Hydrogen bonding occurs in which type of crystalline solids?

Hydrogen bonding occurs in molecular solids.

Explanation:

Molecular solids:
Molecular solids are composed of individual molecules held together by intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. In molecular solids, the constituent particles are discrete molecules. Each molecule is held together by covalent bonds within itself, and the intermolecular forces between the molecules determine the properties of the solid.

Hydrogen bonding:
Hydrogen bonding is a special type of intermolecular force that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative elements such as fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. In hydrogen bonding, the hydrogen atom forms a weak bond with the lone pair of electrons on the electronegative atom of a neighboring molecule. This interaction is stronger than the typical dipole-dipole interactions or London dispersion forces, resulting in higher boiling points and greater stability for substances with hydrogen bonding.

Examples of hydrogen bonding in molecular solids:
1. Water (H2O): Water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonding, which gives water its unique properties such as high boiling point, high surface tension, and solid-state being less dense than the liquid state.
2. Ammonia (NH3): Ammonia molecules also form hydrogen bonds with each other, leading to similar properties as water, albeit to a lesser extent.
3. Hydrogen fluoride (HF): HF molecules form hydrogen bonds, resulting in a higher boiling point than expected for a molecule of its size.

Other types of crystalline solids:
a) Ionic solids: Ionic solids are composed of positively and negatively charged ions held together by strong electrostatic forces. Hydrogen bonding does not occur in ionic solids as the bonding involves the transfer of electrons rather than the sharing of electrons.
b) Network solids: Network solids are composed of a vast network of covalently bonded atoms extending throughout the crystal lattice. Examples include diamond and quartz. Hydrogen bonding is not present in network solids as the bonding is primarily covalent.
c) Metallic solids: Metallic solids are composed of a lattice of positive metal ions surrounded by a sea of delocalized electrons. Hydrogen bonding is not present in metallic solids as the bonding is purely metallic in nature.

Answer

A) molecular solids

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