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What is the expectation of the number of failures preceding the first success in an infinite series of independent trials with constant probability e^(-1) of success in each trial? How is the answer e-1?
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What is the expectation of the number of failures preceding the first ...
Introduction
In this scenario, we are analyzing the number of failures before the first success in a series of independent Bernoulli trials, where each trial has a success probability of e^(-1).
Understanding the Problem
- Each trial has two outcomes: success (with probability p = e^(-1)) and failure (with probability q = 1 - p = 1 - e^(-1)).
- We are interested in finding the expected number of failures before the first success.
Geometric Distribution
- The number of trials until the first success follows a geometric distribution.
- The expected number of failures (X) preceding the first success can be calculated using the formula: E[X] = q/p.
Calculating the Expectation
- We know:
- p = e^(-1)
- q = 1 - e^(-1)
- Substituting the values into the expectation formula:
E[X] = (1 - e^(-1)) / e^(-1)
- Simplifying this gives:
E[X] = (1 - e^(-1)) * (e) = e - 1.
Conclusion
- Therefore, the expected number of failures preceding the first success when the success probability is e^(-1) is e - 1.
- This result illustrates the relationship between the probabilities of success and failure in a geometric distribution, highlighting how the expectation increases as the probability of success decreases.
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What is the expectation of the number of failures preceding the first success in an infinite series of independent trials with constant probability e^(-1) of success in each trial? How is the answer e-1?
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