Understanding Hydrogen Molecules
To calculate the number of molecules in one gram of hydrogen, we need to consider its molecular weight and Avogadro's number.
Molecular Weight of Hydrogen
- The molecular formula for hydrogen is H2, which means each molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms.
- The atomic weight of a single hydrogen atom is approximately 1 gram/mole.
- Therefore, the molecular weight of H2 is about 2 grams/mole.
Calculating Moles in One Gram
- To find the number of moles in one gram of hydrogen, we use the formula:
Moles = Mass (g) / Molar Mass (g/mol)
- For hydrogen, this calculation is:
Moles = 1 g / 2 g/mol = 0.5 moles
Using Avogadro’s Number
- Avogadro's number (approximately 6.022 x 10^23) represents the number of molecules in one mole of any substance.
- To find the number of molecules in 0.5 moles of H2, we multiply the number of moles by Avogadro’s number:
Number of molecules = 0.5 moles x 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mole
Final Calculation
- This results in:
Number of molecules = 3.011 x 10^23 molecules
Conclusion
Therefore, in one gram of hydrogen (H2), there are approximately 3.011 x 10^23 molecules. Understanding these basic principles of chemistry helps in grasping the foundational concepts of molecular science.