What percentage of carbon dioxide transport in the form of carbamino haemoglobin?a)3%b)5-7%c)20-25%d)97%Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Understanding Carbon Dioxide Transport
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a byproduct of cellular respiration and is transported from the tissues to the lungs for exhalation. There are three primary ways CO2 is carried in the bloodstream:

1. Dissolved in Plasma: About 7-10% of CO2 is transported dissolved directly in the plasma.
2. Bicarbonate Ions: Approximately 70% of CO2 is converted into bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) in red blood cells, facilitated by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase.
3. Carbamino Compounds: The remaining 20-25% of CO2 is transported as carbamino compounds, primarily carbaminohemoglobin, where CO2 binds to hemoglobin and other proteins.

Why Carbamino Hemoglobin is Important
Carbamino hemoglobin forms when CO2 chemically binds to hemoglobin. This process is significant for several reasons:

Efficient CO2 Transport: The formation of carbamino compounds helps increase the efficiency of CO2 transport back to the lungs.
Influence on Blood pH: The binding of CO2 alters the structure of hemoglobin and affects its affinity for oxygen, facilitating the release of oxygen in tissues where CO2 concentration is high.
Regulation of Respiration: The presence of CO2 in the blood stimulates the respiratory centers in the brain, helping regulate breathing rates based on metabolic activity.

Conclusion
In summary, about 20-25% of carbon dioxide is transported in the blood as carbamino hemoglobin, playing a crucial role in CO2 transport and oxygen delivery, making option 'C' the correct answer.

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