Diagonal Relationship of Lithium with Magnesium

Diagonal relationship refers to the similarity in properties between elements located diagonally to each other in the periodic table. Lithium, being the first element in the alkali metal group, shows diagonal relationship with magnesium, which is the second element in the alkaline earth metal group. This relationship is due to the following reasons:

1. Size and charge of ions:

- Lithium ion (Li+) and magnesium ion (Mg2+) have similar sizes and charges.
- This is because lithium has a small atomic radius, and magnesium has a large atomic radius. As a result, their ions have similar radii.

2. Similar electronegativity:

- Lithium and magnesium have similar electronegativity values.
- This means that they have similar tendencies to attract electrons towards themselves.

3. Similar chemical behavior:

- Lithium and magnesium exhibit similar chemical behavior due to their similar electronic configurations.
- Both elements have two electrons in their outermost shell and tend to lose these electrons to form cations with a charge of +1 and +2 respectively.
- They also form similar compounds such as oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates.

Conclusion

Thus, the diagonal relationship between lithium and magnesium is due to their similar size and charge of ions, similar electronegativity, and similar chemical behavior. This relationship is important in predicting the properties of elements and understanding their behavior.

Lithium shows similarity in prperties with that of Mg which is stated by the diagonal relationship in periodic table