A direct runoff hydrograph due to a storm was found to be triangular i...
Given information:
- Direct runoff hydrograph due to a storm is triangular in shape.
- Peak flow rate = 150 m3/s.
- Time from the start of effective storm to the peak = 24 h.
- Total time base = 72 h.
To find: Duration of the storm.
Solution:
The direct runoff hydrograph is a graphical representation of the amount of runoff generated by a storm over time. The shape of the hydrograph depends on the characteristics of the storm, such as intensity, duration, and spatial distribution.
Triangular hydrograph:
- A triangular hydrograph is a type of hydrograph in which the rising limb and falling limb have the same slope, and the peak flow rate occurs at the midpoint.
- The time to peak (Tp) is the time from the start of the storm to the peak flow rate, which is given as 24 h.
- The time base (Tb) is the duration of the storm, which is the time from the start of the storm to the end of the runoff event, which is given as 72 h.
- The total volume of runoff (V) is the area under the hydrograph, which is equal to the area of the triangle, given by:
V = (1/2) x Peak flow rate x Time base
= (1/2) x 150 x 72
= 5400 m3
Duration of the storm:
- The duration of the storm is the time from the start of the storm to the end of the runoff event, which is equal to the time base.
- Therefore, the duration of the storm is 72 h.
- Option 'A' is the correct answer.
Note: If the hydrograph is not triangular, the duration of the storm cannot be determined solely from the peak flow rate and time to peak. Additional information, such as the shape of the hydrograph or the runoff volume, is required.
A direct runoff hydrograph due to a storm was found to be triangular i...
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