The Antarctica is also known as second this is India second research s...
Introduction to Antarctica
Antarctica, the southernmost continent, is often referred to as the "frozen desert" due to its extreme climate. Despite its harsh conditions, it plays a crucial role in global ecology and climate regulation.
India's Second Research Station
- India established its second research station in Antarctica, named *Maitri*, in 1985.
- The British Antarctic Survey initially discovered this region, which has become a hub for scientific research.
Life in Antarctica
- While there are no permanent residents, various scientists and researchers live temporarily in research stations.
- The only native wildlife consists of flightless birds, such as penguins, which have adapted to the cold environment.
Reasons for Lack of Permanent Population
1. Extreme Climate
- Temperatures can drop below -60°C in winter, making it inhospitable for long-term human habitation.
2. Limited Resources
- The harsh environment lacks essential resources like food, fresh water, and shelter, which are critical for sustained living.
3. International Treaties
- The Antarctic Treaty, signed in 1961, prohibits any military activity and supports scientific research, preventing permanent settlement.
4. Scientific Research Focus
- The continent is primarily utilized for research purposes, with temporary bases established for scientists rather than permanent communities.
Conclusion
Antarctica remains a unique and vital area for scientific exploration, with its extreme conditions and ecological significance continuing to draw temporary visitors from around the world.
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