An electron microscope is a type of microscope that uses a beam of electrons to produce a high-resolution image of a specimen. It is a powerful tool that allows scientists to examine the structure of materials, cells, and tissues at a very small scale.



An electron microscope works by using a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify an object. The electrons are accelerated using an electric field and then focused onto the specimen using a series of lenses. As the electrons pass through the specimen, they interact with the atoms and molecules, which causes them to scatter and diffract. This scattering and diffraction pattern is then captured by a detector and used to create an image of the specimen.



There are two main types of electron microscopes:

• Transmission electron microscope (TEM): This type of electron microscope uses a thin sample that is placed on a grid and then inserted into the microscope. The electrons pass through the sample and are then focused onto a detector to create an image. TEMs are used to examine the internal structure of cells and tissues.


• Scanning electron microscope (SEM): This type of electron microscope uses a sample that is coated with a thin layer of metal and then placed inside the microscope. The electrons scan the surface of the sample, creating a 3D image. SEMs are used to examine the surface structure of materials and cells.

• Electron microscopes can produce images with much higher resolution than light microscopes, allowing scientists to examine structures at a much smaller scale.


• Electron microscopes can be used to examine both organic and inorganic materials, making them a versatile tool for many different fields of science.


• Electron microscopes can be used to examine materials that are too thick or opaque for light microscopes.

• Electron microscopes are very expensive and require specialized training to use.


• Electron microscopes can only be used on samples that are in a vacuum, which can limit the types of specimens that can be examined.


• Electron microscopes can damage the sample being examined due to the high-energy electrons used.

The microscope with high magnification and resolution employing electron beam in place of light and using electron lenses is known as electron microscope....