Which of the following is formed by Swarts Reaction?a)Alkyl iodideb)Alkyl fluoridec)Alkyl bromided)Alkyl chlorideCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

In Swarts’ reaction, heavy metal fluorides are used as reagents. It is a reaction in which alkyl fluorides are formed when alkyl bromide or chloride reacts with metal fluorides. In the reaction, higher alkyl halide(R-Cl) react with lower metal halide (AgF) to form lower alkyl halide(R-F). If we don’t use heavy metal fluoride F ion cannot displace Cl/Br. The reaction will not occur or it may form some other compound.

Answer

Swarts reaction and the formed product

Swarts Reaction: Swarts Reaction is a chemical reaction in which an alkyl halide is reacted with a fluoride ion in the presence of a catalyst to form an alkyl fluoride. The reaction is named after Swiss chemist Carl Swarts who discovered it in the year 1892.

Reaction: The general equation of Swarts Reaction can be represented as follows:

R-X + NaF → R-F + NaX

Here, R represents an alkyl group and X represents a halogen atom (Cl, Br, I).

Formed Product: As per the reaction equation, the product formed by Swarts Reaction is an alkyl fluoride. Therefore, option 'B' is the correct answer.

Explanation: Alkyl iodides, alkyl bromides, and alkyl chlorides can also be used as starting materials in Swarts Reaction. However, the reaction is most effective with alkyl iodides. This is because iodine is a better leaving group than bromine and chlorine, which makes it easier for the fluoride ion to replace it. As a result, the reaction rate with alkyl iodides is faster than with alkyl bromides and chlorides.

In conclusion, Swarts Reaction is a useful method for synthesizing alkyl fluorides, and the product formed by this reaction is alkyl fluoride.

Answer

Alkyl fluoride the reaction is R-X+AgF in presence of H2O gives RF +AgX... see NCERT 12th pg. no. 289 under the topic 10.4.3

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