Physical Features of India

Overview
The chapter "Physical Features of India" provides a comprehensive understanding of the diverse geographical features present in the country. It explores the major physical features such as mountains, plateaus, plains, rivers, and lakes, and discusses their significance in shaping India's landscape.

Mountains
- The Himalayan mountain range, extending from Jammu and Kashmir to Arunachal Pradesh, is the highest and youngest mountain range in the world.
- It comprises three parallel ranges: the Great Himalayas, Lesser Himalayas, and Shiwalik Hills.
- The Himalayas act as a natural barrier, protecting India from the cold winds of Central Asia.
- These mountains are a source of several perennial rivers, including the Ganga and Brahmaputra, which are crucial for agriculture and irrigation.

Plateaus
- The Peninsular Plateau is a vast elevated region in the southern part of India.
- It is composed of three major plateaus: the Malwa Plateau, Deccan Plateau, and Chota Nagpur Plateau.
- The Deccan Plateau is characterized by black soil, which is highly fertile and suitable for agriculture.
- The plateau region also contains various mineral resources like iron ore, coal, and bauxite.

Plains
- The northern plains, formed by the alluvial deposits of the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra rivers, are known for their fertile soil.
- These plains are densely populated and agriculturally productive.
- The Gangetic plains, in particular, are considered the breadbasket of India.

Rivers
- India is blessed with a vast network of rivers, which play a vital role in the country's economy and culture.
- The major rivers include the Ganga, Brahmaputra, Yamuna, Godavari, Krishna, and Narmada.
- They provide water for irrigation, support diverse ecosystems, and are used for transportation and hydropower generation.

Lakes
- India is home to several natural and artificial lakes, serving various purposes.
- Dal Lake in Jammu and Kashmir is famous for its scenic beauty and is a popular tourist destination.
- Chilika Lake in Odisha is the largest saltwater lake in India and serves as a significant habitat for migratory birds.

Conclusion
The chapter on physical features of India provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse geographical features present in the country. From the towering Himalayas to the fertile plains and vast river systems, India's physical features have a profound impact on its economy, culture, and environment. Understanding these features is crucial for gaining insights into the country's natural resources, climate patterns, and overall development.

What is the outer most range of Himalayas called