Ans1. Migration play a significant role in changing the composition and distribution of the population. migration is movement of people across and territories. migration can be internal and international. internal migration doesn't change the size of population.

Migration plays a major role in changing the composition and distribution of the population. It refers to the movement of people from one place to another, either within a country (internal migration) or across borders (international migration). This movement of individuals has significant impacts on the population dynamics, social structure, and economic development of both the sending and receiving regions.

1. Composition of the Population:
Migration influences the composition of the population by altering the demographic characteristics of an area. It leads to changes in age, sex, ethnicity, and cultural diversity. For example, when young individuals migrate in search of better job opportunities, the population of the sending region tends to become older, with a higher proportion of older individuals. In contrast, the receiving region experiences an influx of young migrants, leading to a younger population structure.

2. Distribution of the Population:
Migration also affects the distribution of the population, both geographically and spatially. It leads to the growth of urban areas as people move from rural to urban regions in search of better living conditions and employment opportunities. This concentration of population in cities can result in overcrowding, strain on infrastructure, and increased demand for resources. On the other hand, migration from urban to rural areas can lead to depopulation and the decline of certain regions.

3. Economic Impacts:
Migration has significant economic implications for both the sending and receiving regions. In the sending region, emigration may result in labor shortages and a decrease in the working-age population. This can have adverse effects on the economy, such as reduced productivity and potential skill drain. In contrast, the receiving region benefits from an increase in the labor force, which can contribute to economic growth and development.

4. Social and Cultural Changes:
Migration brings about social and cultural changes in both the sending and receiving regions. It introduces new languages, traditions, and customs, enriching the cultural diversity of the population. However, it can also lead to social tensions and conflicts as different groups interact and adapt to new environments. Integration and assimilation of migrants into the host society are crucial for promoting social cohesion and avoiding social exclusion.

5. Political Implications:
Migration has political implications, as it can influence the demographic composition of voting populations and the electoral balance. In addition, migration policies and regulations play a role in shaping the patterns and impacts of migration. Governments need to manage migration effectively to address economic, social, and political challenges while ensuring the protection of migrants' rights.

In conclusion, migration plays a crucial role in changing the composition and distribution of the population. It affects the demographic characteristics, spatial distribution, economy, social dynamics, and cultural diversity of both the sending and receiving regions. Effective management and integration of migrants are essential for harnessing the benefits of migration while addressing its challenges.