Cellulose in Biology

Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate that is a major constituent of the cell wall of plants. It is the most abundant organic compound on Earth and forms the structural framework of plants. It is an important biomolecule that has many uses in various industries.

Structure of Cellulose

Cellulose is a polymer of glucose monomers that are linked together by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. The glucose monomers are arranged in a linear chain and are held together by hydrogen bonds. These hydrogen bonds form between the hydroxyl groups of adjacent glucose monomers, creating a strong and rigid structure.

Function of Cellulose

Cellulose is an important structural component of plants, providing strength and rigidity to the cell wall. It helps to maintain the shape and structure of the plant cell, and also provides protection against mechanical stress and pathogens. Cellulose is also important in the growth and development of plants, as it provides a framework for the deposition of other cell wall components.

Uses of Cellulose

Cellulose has many uses in various industries, including:

- Paper and pulp industry: Cellulose fibers are used to make paper and other products such as cardboard and tissue paper.
- Textile industry: Cellulose fibers are used to make fabrics such as cotton and linen.
- Food industry: Cellulose is used as a food additive and is commonly found in products such as bread, cheese, and ice cream.
- Pharmaceutical industry: Cellulose is used as a coating for pills and tablets and is also used as a filler in capsules.

Conclusion

Cellulose is an important biomolecule that plays a crucial role in the structure and function of plants. It is a complex carbohydrate that forms the structural framework of plants and provides strength and rigidity to the cell wall. Cellulose also has many uses in various industries, including paper and pulp, textile, food, and pharmaceutical industries.

Cellulose is an insoluble substance that exists in the cell wall of the plants and used mainly to make papers, plastics and various fabrics & fibres.