**Isobar:**
Isobars are atoms or elements that have the same atomic mass but different atomic numbers. In other words, isobars are atoms with the same number of nucleons (protons and neutrons), but different numbers of protons. Isobars belong to different elements because the number of protons determines the element's identity.

**Example of Isobar:**
An example of isobars is carbon-14 (^14C) and nitrogen-14 (^14N). Both carbon-14 and nitrogen-14 have 14 nucleons, but carbon-14 has 6 protons and nitrogen-14 has 7 protons. Therefore, they have different atomic numbers, making them isobars of different elements.

**Isotopes:**
Isotopes are atoms or elements that have the same atomic number but different atomic masses. In other words, isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons. Isotopes belong to the same element because the number of protons determines the element's identity.

**Example of Isotope:**
An example of isotopes is carbon-12 (^12C) and carbon-14 (^14C). Both carbon-12 and carbon-14 have 6 protons, which makes them both carbon atoms. However, carbon-12 has 6 neutrons, while carbon-14 has 8 neutrons. Therefore, they have different atomic masses, making them isotopes of the same element, carbon.

**Differences between Isobar and Isotope:**

1. **Definition:**
- Isobars: Atoms with the same atomic mass but different atomic numbers.
- Isotopes: Atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic masses.

2. **Atomic Number and Identity:**
- Isobars: Have different atomic numbers, belong to different elements.
- Isotopes: Have the same atomic number, belong to the same element.

3. **Nucleons and Protons:**
- Isobars: Have the same number of nucleons (protons + neutrons), but different numbers of protons.
- Isotopes: Have the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons.

4. **Atomic Mass:**
- Isobars: Have different atomic masses.
- Isotopes: Have different atomic masses.

5. **Example:**
- Isobars: Carbon-14 (^14C) and nitrogen-14 (^14N).
- Isotopes: Carbon-12 (^12C) and carbon-14 (^14C).

In summary, isobars are atoms with the same atomic mass but different atomic numbers, belonging to different elements. On the other hand, isotopes are atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic masses, belonging to the same element. Understanding the distinction between these two concepts is crucial in the study of atomic structure and the properties of elements.

1. a).Isotopes : Isotopes are atoms that have same atomic number but different mass numbers. b) Isotopes have the same atomic number because the number of protons inside their nuclei remains the same.They have different mass numbers because they have different numbers of neutrons. c) 35/17Cl and 37/17Cl are isotopes. 2. a) Isobars are atoms that have same mass number but different atomic numbers. b) Isobars have different atomic numbers because they have different numbers of protons.They have same mass numbers because they have same numbers of neutrons. c) 76/32Ge and 76/34Se are isobars.