Representative Elements

The representative elements, also known as the main group elements, are the elements found in the "s" and "p" blocks of the periodic table. These elements can be found on the left and right sides of the periodic table, excluding the transition metals in the "d" block and the inner transition metals in the "f" block.

There are four blocks in the periodic table:

1. S Block Elements:
The "s" block elements are located on the left side of the periodic table, in groups 1 and 2. These elements include hydrogen (H) and helium (He) in the first period, and the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2) in the subsequent periods. These elements have their outermost electron(s) in the "s" orbital.

2. P Block Elements:
The "p" block elements are located on the right side of the periodic table, starting from group 13 to group 18. These elements include the metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. The group 13 elements are known as the boron group, group 14 elements as the carbon group, group 15 elements as the nitrogen group, group 16 elements as the chalcogens, group 17 elements as the halogens, and group 18 elements as the noble gases. These elements have their outermost electron(s) in the "p" orbital.

Representative Elements: "S" and "P" Block Elements

The representative elements, or main group elements, are specifically the "s" and "p" block elements. This means that the correct answer is option B - "s and p block elements only".

These elements are called representative because they exhibit a wide range of chemical properties and are involved in various chemical reactions. They are often involved in the formation of stable compounds and can easily gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.

The "s" block elements are highly reactive metals, while the "p" block elements include metals, nonmetals, and metalloids, exhibiting a wider range of chemical properties. These elements play crucial roles in biological processes, industrial applications, and the composition of Earth's crust.

In contrast, the "d" block elements (option C) are called transition metals and are located in the middle of the periodic table. These elements have partially filled "d" orbitals and exhibit characteristic properties such as variable oxidation states, colored compounds, and the formation of complex ions.

The "s" block elements (option D) include only the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, which are part of the representative elements. However, this option excludes the "p" block elements, which are also considered representative.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B - "s and p block elements only" as these elements are known as the representative elements or main group elements.

This is self explanatory brother, s and p block contain metals and non metals majorly