Explain the views of different socialist and philosophers regarding th...
Socialism as an ideology was against the idea of private property and believed that mean of production must be owned by the state , the government and not by private individuals. Socialists identified existence of private property as the basis for all evils in the society. They argued that the must own the property and must work for the welfare of the entire society.
Some of the Socialist philosophers advocated the following ideas and campaigned for change:
a. Socialists like Robert Owen believed in establishing cooperatives where the individuals produced goods collectively and divide the profit as per the work done by each member, and sought to build a cooperative community.
b. Louis Blanc from France wanted overgarment to encourage the cooperatives that work for the welfare for all and must abolish private capitalist enterprises.
c. Karl Marx basically presented a critique of a capitalist system of production and industrial society. Capitalist society is divided into two classes that is the Bourgeoisie ( Capitalist) and the Proletariat ( Workers). He maintains that in a capitalist society means of production are under the control of the capitalist class who use it for their benefit and accumulates all the profits. The workers are those who sell their labor in return for fixed wages and are exploited by the capitalist Workers work under miserable conditions, forced to work for long hours under inhuman conditions and were subjected to oppression.
d. The existence of Private property thus divided the society between the haves and haves not where the latter were subjected to oppression and exploitation.
e. According to Marx, Such a system can only be overthrown by means of revolution on part of workers which will pave the way for a Socialist society whereby all the property is socially controlled. Such was their vision for the future.
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Explain the views of different socialist and philosophers regarding th...
Socialist Views on the Vision of Future Society
Marxism:
- Karl Marx, a prominent socialist philosopher, envisioned a future society where the means of production would be collectively owned and controlled by the working class.
- Marx believed that capitalism would eventually give way to socialism, which would then transition into communism, where there would be no class divisions or private property.
- According to Marx, this transformation would occur through a revolution led by the proletariat, the working class, who would overthrow the bourgeoisie, the ruling capitalist class.
Fabian Socialism:
- Fabian socialists, such as George Bernard Shaw and Sidney Webb, had a gradualist approach towards achieving socialism.
- They believed in achieving socialist goals through democratic means, emphasizing the importance of political and social reforms within the existing system.
- Fabians advocated for a mixed economy, where the state would play an active role in regulating and planning the economy, providing social welfare, and reducing inequality.
Democratic Socialism:
- Democratic socialists, like Bernie Sanders and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, advocate for a future society where there is a balance between a strong welfare state and a mixed economy.
- They emphasize the importance of democracy, civil liberties, and individual rights while also advocating for social and economic equality.
- Democratic socialists aim to achieve their vision through democratic processes, using the state as a tool for social and economic justice.
Anarchism:
- Anarchists, such as Mikhail Bakunin and Emma Goldman, envision a future society without any form of hierarchical authority, including the state.
- They advocate for a society based on voluntary cooperation, mutual aid, and direct democracy.
- Anarchists believe in the abolition of all forms of oppression and the establishment of self-governing communities where individuals have maximum freedom and autonomy.
Visions of the Future Society:
- The common thread among these different socialist philosophies is the desire for a more egalitarian and just society.
- They envision a future where wealth and power are more evenly distributed, and where individuals have equal opportunities and access to resources.
- These visions emphasize the importance of cooperation, solidarity, and collective decision-making in shaping the future society.
- While the specific methods and strategies may differ, the overarching goal of transforming society towards a more equitable and inclusive system remains at the core of socialist thought.
Explain the views of different socialist and philosophers regarding th...
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