Form of matter that does not transfer heat by convection
Conduction is the primary method of heat transfer in solids. Unlike liquids and gases, solids do not transfer heat by convection due to their fixed and closely packed molecules. This makes conduction the dominant form of heat transfer in solids.

Conduction in solids
- In solids, heat is transferred through the vibration and movement of atoms or molecules.
- When one end of a solid is heated, the energy is passed along to neighboring particles through collisions.
- This process continues until the heat energy spreads throughout the solid.

Why convection does not occur in solids
- In a solid, the particles are closely packed and have fixed positions.
- This structure does not allow for the free movement of particles that is required for convection to occur.
- As a result, heat cannot be transferred by the bulk movement of particles in solids like it does in liquids and gases.

Example of conduction in solids
- An example of heat transfer by conduction in a solid is when a metal rod is heated at one end.
- The heat energy is conducted through the metal rod as the particles vibrate and pass on the thermal energy to neighboring particles.
- This process continues until the entire rod reaches the same temperature.
In conclusion, solids do not transfer heat by convection due to their tightly packed and immobile particles. Conduction is the primary mode of heat transfer in solids, where heat is passed through the vibration and collision of particles.

Solid