There are six major controls of the climate of any place. They are latitude, altitude, pressure and wind system, distance from the sea (continentality), ocean currents and relief features.

1.Deforestation... 2.Population..3.Global warming...4.Pollution...5.Education..6.Unbalanced ecosystem...etc..

Controls Affecting the Climate of India

India is a vast country with diverse geographical features, which greatly influence its climate. The climate of India is primarily controlled by several factors, including latitude, air masses, the Himalayas, monsoons, and ocean currents.

1. Latitude:
- India is located in the tropical and subtropical latitudes, which means it experiences high temperatures and receives abundant sunlight throughout the year.
- The Tropic of Cancer passes through the central part of India, resulting in the country receiving direct overhead sun rays during the summer solstice.

2. Air Masses:
- India experiences the influence of different air masses, including the Tropical Easterly Jet (TEJ) and the Western Disturbances (WD).
- The TEJ brings hot and dry air from the Arabian Sea, while the WD brings moist air from the Mediterranean region, leading to variations in temperature and rainfall patterns.

3. The Himalayas:
- The Himalayas act as a major barrier to the cold winds from Central Asia, protecting the Indian subcontinent from extreme cold temperatures.
- The presence of the Himalayas also causes the formation of the Indian monsoon system and affects the direction and intensity of winds.

4. Monsoons:
- The Indian subcontinent experiences a distinct monsoon climate, with a summer monsoon and a winter monsoon.
- The summer monsoon, also known as the southwest monsoon, brings heavy rainfall to most parts of India from June to September.
- The winter monsoon, known as the northeast monsoon, brings dry and cool air from the Himalayas, resulting in little to no rainfall in most regions.

5. Ocean Currents:
- The Indian Ocean currents, particularly the warm Equatorial Currents and the cooler Somali Currents, greatly influence the climate of India.
- The warm Equatorial Currents bring moisture from the Indian Ocean, enhancing the monsoon rainfall.
- The cooler Somali Currents, on the other hand, reduce the intensity of the monsoon and bring dry conditions to some parts of India.

Overall, the climate of India is a complex interplay between various geographical features and atmospheric phenomena. The diverse topography, latitude, air masses, the Himalayas, monsoons, and ocean currents all contribute to the unique climate patterns experienced in different regions of the country. Understanding these controls is essential for predicting and managing the climate-related challenges faced by India.