Introduction:
When copper (Cu²⁺) and sulfate (SO₄²⁻) ions combine, they form a compound known as copper sulfate (CuSO₄). Copper sulfate is a well-known salt with various uses in industry, agriculture, and chemistry. In this response, we will explain the molecular formula and structure of copper sulfate.

Molecular Formula of Copper Sulfate:
The molecular formula of a compound represents the types and numbers of atoms present in one molecule of the compound. For copper sulfate, the molecular formula is CuSO₄. Let's break down the molecular formula and explain each component.

Components of the Molecular Formula:
1. Cu: The symbol "Cu" represents a copper atom. Copper is a transition metal with a +2 charge, indicated by the superscript 2+ (Cu²⁺). It has a single positive charge due to the loss of two electrons.

2. S: The symbol "S" represents a sulfur atom. Sulfur is a nonmetal that forms a -2 charge when it gains two electrons. However, in copper sulfate, sulfur exists in the sulfate ion and carries a -2 charge.

3. O₄: The subscript "4" indicates that there are four oxygen atoms in the sulfate ion. Each oxygen atom carries a -2 charge, resulting in a total charge of -8 for the oxygen atoms.

4. SO₄²⁻: The sulfate ion is formed by combining one sulfur atom and four oxygen atoms. The sulfur atom in the sulfate ion carries a +6 charge, while each oxygen atom carries a -2 charge. The overall charge of the sulfate ion is -2.

Formation of Copper Sulfate:
When copper (Cu²⁺) and sulfate (SO₄²⁻) ions combine, they form an ionic compound through electrostatic attractions. The copper ion and the sulfate ion attract each other due to their opposite charges. The ionic bond between them results in the formation of solid copper sulfate.

Summary:
In summary, the molecular formula of the compound formed by the combination of Cu²⁺ and SO₄²⁻ ions is CuSO₄. This represents one copper atom, one sulfur atom, and four oxygen atoms in one molecule of copper sulfate. The formation of copper sulfate occurs through the attraction between the copper and sulfate ions, resulting in the formation of an ionic compound.

Here,

▶▶▶▶▶Cu ↘.......↗ SO4
◻◻◻◻◻◻◻◻◻◻◻ ↘↗
Valency .........2 ↗...↘ 2

Formula = (Cu)2(SO4)2 [By criss cross method]

Formula= CuSO4 [2 on Cu and 2 on SO4 cancelled each other]

❇❇❇❇❇❇❇❇❇❇❇❇❇❇
So, Required Molecular Formula = CuSO4




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