Which of the following statements is not true for cancer cells in relation to mutations ? [2016]a)Mutations in proto-oncogenes accelerate the cell cycle.b)Mutations destroy telomerase inhibitor.c)Mutations inactive the cell control.d)Mutations inhibit production of telomerase.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Which of the following statements is not true for cancer cells in relation to mutations ?  [2016]a)Mutations in proto-oncogenes accelerate the cell cycle.b)Mutations destroy telomerase inhibitor.c)Mutations inactive the cell control.d)Mutations inhibit production of telomerase.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Answer

The ability to maintain functional telomeres may be one mechanism that allows cancer cells to grow in vitro for decades. Telomerase activity is necessary to preserve many cancer types and is inactive in somatic cells, creating the possibility that telomerase inhibition could selectively repress cancer cell growth with minimal side effects. Mutation can inhibit telomerase in cancer cells, the telomeres of successive generations will progressively shorten, limiting tumor growth.
So the correct option is 'Mutations inhibit the production of telomerase'.

Answer

Transduction is a process where DNA is transferred from a bacteriohage into a bacterial cell where this DNA gets incorporated wid the bacterial DNA nd breaks it into fragments (lysis) nd forms protein coat around itself nd develops into a number of bacteriophages like a virus does..thus the correct option is A tht it is a process. of transfer of DNA frm a virus (bacteriophage) into a bacterial cell

Answer

Introduction:
Cancer is a complex disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and division. It arises due to the accumulation of mutations in the DNA of cells, which can disrupt normal cellular processes. Mutations in certain genes, such as proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, play a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer.

Explanation:
Let us evaluate each statement to determine which one is not true for cancer cells in relation to mutations.

a) Mutations in proto-oncogenes accelerate the cell cycle:
Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that regulate cell growth and division. However, mutations in these genes can convert them into oncogenes, which promote excessive cell proliferation. These mutations can result in the accelerated cell cycle and uncontrolled cell growth, ultimately leading to cancer. Therefore, this statement is true.

b) Mutations destroy telomerase inhibitor:
Telomeres are protective caps at the ends of chromosomes that prevent DNA damage and maintain chromosomal stability. Telomerase is an enzyme that maintains the length of telomeres by adding repetitive DNA sequences to their ends. In normal cells, telomerase activity is tightly regulated to prevent uncontrolled cell division. However, mutations can occur in genes that inhibit telomerase activity, leading to its uncontrolled activation. This can result in the immortalization of cancer cells, as their telomeres do not shorten with each cell division. Therefore, this statement is true.

c) Mutations inactive the cell control:
Mutations in tumor suppressor genes, which are responsible for controlling cell growth and preventing tumor formation, can lead to the loss of their normal function. This loss of function can result in the inactivation of cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair mechanisms, allowing the accumulation of further mutations and the uncontrolled growth of cancer cells. Therefore, this statement is true.

d) Mutations inhibit production of telomerase:
This statement is not true. Mutations in certain genes can actually enhance the production of telomerase in cancer cells. Telomerase activation is a common characteristic of many cancer types and is essential for their immortalization and unlimited replicative potential. These mutations can lead to increased telomerase activity, allowing cancer cells to maintain their telomere length and evade the normal cellular senescence process. Therefore, this statement is not true.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, among the given statements, the one that is not true for cancer cells in relation to mutations is 'Mutations inhibit production of telomerase.' In reality, mutations can lead to increased telomerase production, contributing to the immortalization and uncontrolled growth of cancer cells.

Answer

Option D .. Bec. Rest option are correct..!

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