Q1) The Enabling Act was a law passed by the German parliament, the Reichstag, on March 23, 1933. It served as a crucial step in the establishment of Adolf Hitler's dictatorship in Germany. The act granted Hitler and his cabinet the power to enact laws without the involvement of the Reichstag or the president, effectively bypassing the democratic process. It was a significant blow to the Weimar Republic's system of checks and balances, consolidating power in the hands of the Nazi Party.

Q2) The Eternal Jew, or Der ewige Jude in German, was a Nazi propaganda film released in 1940. It portrayed Jews as subhuman and depicted them as responsible for various societal problems. The film aimed to reinforce anti-Semitic sentiments among the German population and justify the persecution and discrimination against Jews. It used dehumanizing imagery and stereotypes to further the Nazi propaganda agenda.

Q3) The First World War had profound effects on Europe, including:

1. Political Transformations: The war led to the collapse of several empires, such as the German, Austro-Hungarian, and Ottoman empires. New nations emerged, boundaries were redrawn, and political systems underwent significant changes. For example, the Russian Revolution in 1917 resulted in the establishment of the Soviet Union.

2. Economic Consequences: The war caused immense economic disruption. Industrial production declined, inflation soared, and unemployment rose. Countries faced massive debts and struggled to rebuild their economies. The war also led to a shift in global economic power, with the United States emerging as a major player.

3. Social and Cultural Shifts: The war had a profound impact on society and culture. The massive loss of life and the horrors of trench warfare left lasting scars. Many people began questioning traditional values and institutions, leading to social and cultural changes. Women's roles evolved as they took on new responsibilities in the absence of men. Intellectual and artistic movements, such as Dadaism and Surrealism, emerged in response to the disillusionment and trauma caused by the war.

Q4) Hitler's foreign policy had three key points:

1. Lebensraum (Living Space): Hitler aimed to expand German territory by acquiring additional land for the German people. He believed that Germany needed more Lebensraum to provide for its growing population and economic needs. This policy ultimately led to the invasion and occupation of neighboring countries, such as Poland and Czechoslovakia.

2. Reversing the Treaty of Versailles: Hitler sought to overturn the restrictions imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles, which had ended World War I. He aimed to restore Germany's military strength, regain lost territories, and dismantle the international order established after the war. This included reoccupying the demilitarized Rhineland and remilitarizing Germany.

3. Anti-Communism and Anti-Semitism: Hitler's foreign policy was fueled by his ideological beliefs. He sought to eradicate communism and perceived Jews as a global threat. He aimed to establish a racially pure German empire free from both communist influence and Jewish presence. This ideology guided his military and diplomatic decisions, leading to aggressive actions against both groups.

Q5) Hitler introduced a new education policy in Germany with the aim of indoctrinating the youth and shaping them into loyal supporters of the Nazi regime. The key features of this policy were:

1. Nazi Ideology: The new education policy emphasized the indoctrination of Nazi ideology and racial

Question 1.The Enabling Act (signed on 24th March 1933) was very important to Hitler because it granted him the authority to pass laws without the consent of the Reichstag.