Discuss the factors which affect the climate of India?

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High pollution and cutting down the trees

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Factors like Latitude, Altitude, Continentality (Distance from Ocean), topography etc. determines sunshine, rainfall, temperature etc. which gives typical characteristic to climate of a region.

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Factors that affect climate of india are:1) latitude: due to curvature of earth , the amount of sunlight received varies according to latitudes.2) altitudes: as one go higher and higher , the atmosphere become less dense and temperature decreases.3) continentality : the sea exerts a moderating influence on climate . as the distance from the sea increases , it's moderating influence decreases.4) the pressure and wind: the presure and wind system of any area depend upon latitude and altitude of the place. thus it influences the temperature and rainfall pattern.5) oceanic currents: ocean currents such warm currents and cold currents affect the climate of india.

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Geographic Location
India's diverse geography, ranging from the Himalayas in the north to coastal regions in the south, significantly influences its climate. The country's latitudinal extent, spanning from the Tropic of Cancer to the Arctic Circle, creates varying climatic conditions.
Monsoon Winds
- The southwest monsoon is a critical factor, bringing heavy rainfall from June to September.
- The retreating monsoon in October influences winter rainfall in the southern regions.
Topography
- The presence of the Western and Eastern Ghats affects rainfall distribution.
- The Thar Desert in the northwest contributes to dry conditions, while the Himalayas block cold winds from Central Asia.
Altitude
- Higher altitudes in the north lead to cooler temperatures, creating a distinct climate compared to the plains.
- The foothills and valleys experience different weather patterns due to elevation changes.
Ocean Currents
- The Indian Ocean's warm currents affect coastal climates, leading to milder conditions and increased humidity.
- The Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea influence rainfall patterns and cyclonic activities.
Human Activities
- Urbanization and industrialization impact local climates through the urban heat island effect.
- Deforestation and agricultural practices alter natural weather patterns and contribute to climate change.
Seasonal Variations
- India experiences four distinct seasons: Winter, Summer, Monsoon, and Post-monsoon, each influenced by the aforementioned factors.
- Seasonal shifts lead to variations in temperature and precipitation across the country.
In summary, India's climate is shaped by a complex interplay of geographic, atmospheric, and human factors, leading to a rich diversity of weather patterns across the region.

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