Animal and plant cells have :- cytoplasm, Nucleus, cell membrane or plasma membrane, vacuoles, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi bodies in common

Common Parts in Plant and Animal Cells

Both plant and animal cells are eukaryotic cells, which means they have a distinct nucleus enclosed within a membrane. They also share many common parts, although there are some differences between them. Here are the common parts found in both plant and animal cells:

1. Cell Membrane:
- The cell membrane is a thin, flexible barrier that surrounds the cell and separates its internal contents from the external environment.
- It regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, allowing nutrients to enter and waste products to exit.

2. Nucleus:
- The nucleus is considered the control center of the cell.
- It contains the DNA (genetic material) and regulates the cell's activities by controlling the synthesis of proteins and the replication of DNA.

3. Cytoplasm:
- The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance that fills the cell.
- It contains various organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and ribosomes, which play specific roles in cellular processes.

4. Mitochondria:
- Mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell.
- They are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through a process called cellular respiration.

5. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER):
- The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes that is involved in the synthesis, modification, and transport of proteins and lipids within the cell.

6. Golgi Apparatus:
- The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for transport to their final destinations within or outside the cell.

7. Ribosomes:
- Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.
- They are either free in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

8. Vacuoles:
- Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs found in both plant and animal cells.
- They play a role in storing water, nutrients, and waste products.

9. Cytoskeleton:
- The cytoskeleton provides structural support and maintains the shape of the cell.
- It is composed of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments.

10. Lysosomes (in animal cells):
- Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign substances.

11. Cell Wall (in plant cells):
- Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose outside the cell membrane.
- It provides support and protection to the cell.

12. Chloroplasts (in plant cells):
- Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

These are some of the common parts found in both plant and animal cells. While they share these basic structures, each type of cell also possesses unique organelles and specialized adaptations that allow them to perform their specific functions.