Igneous rocks are one of the three major types of rocks found on the Earth's surface. They are formed from the solidification of molten rock material, either within the Earth's crust or on its surface. Igneous rocks are called primary rocks because they are the first rocks to form in the process of rock cycle.


Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Magma is molten rock material that is found beneath the Earth's surface, while lava is magma that has erupted onto the surface. When magma or lava cools and solidifies, it forms igneous rocks.


Igneous rocks have several characteristics that make them unique from other types of rocks. Some of these characteristics include:

• Texture: Igneous rocks can have a glassy, fine-grained, or coarse-grained texture depending on how quickly they cool and solidify.


• Mineral composition: Igneous rocks are composed of minerals such as quartz, feldspar, mica, and olivine.


• Color: Igneous rocks can be black, brown, gray, pink, or white depending on their mineral composition.

Igneous rocks are important for several reasons. Some of these reasons include:

• They provide clues about the Earth's history and geologic processes.


• They are a source of valuable minerals such as gold, silver, copper, and platinum.


• They are used in construction materials such as granite countertops and building stones.


• They are used in the production of cement and other building materials.

In conclusion, igneous rocks are called primary rocks because they are the first rocks to form in the process of rock cycle. They are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava and have several unique characteristics that make them important for various uses.