Introduction:
The surface of highway pavement plays a crucial role in determining the performance and efficiency of vehicles. One of the key factors to consider while designing the pavement surface is the rolling resistance. Rolling resistance refers to the force that opposes the motion of a vehicle's tires as it rolls over a surface. It primarily depends on the texture and characteristics of the pavement surface.

Explanation:
1. High rolling resistance:
- High rolling resistance occurs when the pavement surface offers significant frictional forces against the movement of the tires.
- This results in increased energy consumption and fuel consumption by vehicles.
- High rolling resistance also leads to increased tire wear, reducing the overall efficiency and lifespan of the tires.
- It requires more effort from the engine to propel the vehicle, resulting in reduced fuel efficiency.

2. Low rolling resistance:
- Low rolling resistance refers to a pavement surface that minimizes the frictional forces between the tires and the road.
- This allows vehicles to roll more easily and requires less energy to maintain a certain speed.
- Low rolling resistance pavements promote fuel efficiency and reduce carbon emissions.
- Vehicles can travel longer distances with the same amount of energy, improving overall vehicle performance and reducing operating costs.

Benefits of low rolling resistance:
- Enhanced fuel efficiency: By reducing the energy required to overcome rolling resistance, low rolling resistance pavements contribute to improved fuel economy.
- Reduced emissions: As less energy is consumed, the carbon emissions from vehicles are also reduced, leading to a cleaner environment.
- Improved tire life: Low rolling resistance pavements result in reduced tire wear, extending the lifespan of tires and reducing maintenance costs.
- Smoother ride quality: Vehicles experience less vibration and noise on low rolling resistance surfaces, providing a more comfortable and pleasant driving experience.

Conclusion:
The correct answer, option 'B' - Low rolling resistance, is the most favorable choice for designing the surface of highway pavement. It offers numerous benefits such as improved fuel efficiency, reduced emissions, longer tire life, and enhanced ride quality. By minimizing rolling resistance, vehicles can operate more efficiently, resulting in cost savings and a more sustainable transportation system.