On 13 September 2012 the World Meteorological Organisation disqualified the record for the highest recorded temperature, exactly 90 years after it had been established at El Azizia, Libya, with a measurement of 58DEGC. The official highest recorded temperature is now 56.7DEGC (134DEGF), which was measured on 10 July 1913.

The Hottest Climate Recorded on Earth: Dasht-e Lut, Iran

Dasht-e Lut, also known as the Lut Desert, is considered to be one of the hottest places on Earth. Located in southeastern Iran, it is a vast salt desert that spans over 51,800 square kilometers. The area holds the record for the highest land surface temperature ever recorded, making it a place of extreme heat.

The Record Breaking Temperature:
In 2005, a satellite measured the surface temperature of the Lut Desert, revealing an astonishing temperature of 70.7 degrees Celsius (159.3 degrees Fahrenheit). This measurement surpassed the previous record of 58 degrees Celsius (136.4 degrees Fahrenheit) recorded in Libya's Sahara Desert in 1922. The extreme heat in Dasht-e Lut is attributed to various factors such as its location, topography, and climate patterns.

Geographical Features:
The Lut Desert is characterized by its vast sand and salt formations, as well as its unique geological features. It consists of large sand dunes, known as Yardangs, which are shaped by wind erosion over thousands of years. The presence of salt flats and salt marshes further contributes to the desert's aridity.

Climate and Weather Patterns:
The desert experiences a hot desert climate, with scorching temperatures and very low rainfall. The lack of cloud cover and humidity amplifies the heat, allowing the sun's rays to directly impact the desert surface. The region is also characterized by strong winds, known as the "Garmsil" or "120-day wind," which contribute to the rapid evaporation of any moisture.

Ecological Adaptations:
Despite the harsh conditions, the Lut Desert is home to a variety of unique and resilient organisms. Some plants, such as the Calligonum deserti, have adapted to the extreme heat and lack of water by developing long taproots to reach underground water sources. Insects and reptiles, including scorpions and snakes, have also adapted to survive in this challenging environment.

Conservation and UNESCO World Heritage Site:
Due to its unique geological features and extreme climate, the Lut Desert was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2016. Efforts are being made to protect and preserve this extraordinary ecosystem, ensuring its survival for future generations to witness.

In conclusion, Dasht-e Lut in Iran holds the record for the hottest land surface temperature ever recorded on Earth. Its extreme heat, unique geological formations, and diverse adaptations make it a fascinating and challenging place for both scientific study and conservation efforts.

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