Q. Which of the following species contain at least one atom that violates the octet rule?a)O— Cl—-Ob)F— Xe— Fc)PCI5d)SF6Correct answer is option 'A,B,C,D'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Atoms of various elements tend to gain ,lose or share valence electrons during the formation of molecules such that there are eight electrons or octet in their valence shell.this is octet rule.
as we see here
in a
chlorine gets 9 electrons (as it gains two electrons from oxygen)and each oxygen has 7 electrons (as it has an electron,two lone pair and a bond pair)hence it does not follow octet rule.
in b
xe has 8 electrons and each fluorine gets 8 elctron.to be octet both the atoms should have octet.
and this method is same for other two.
hence all the four does not follow octet rule.

Answer

C

Answer

(a) Octet of Cl expanded to (9).
(b) Octet Xe expanded to (10).
(c) Octet of P expanded to (10).

Answer

Atoms Violating the Octet Rule:

O— Cl—-O: In this molecule, oxygen has 3 lone pairs and forms a single bond with chlorine. Oxygen violates the octet rule as it has only 7 electrons in its valence shell.

F— Xe— F: Xenon, being a noble gas, can have more than 8 electrons in its valence shell. In this molecule, xenon forms a bond with two fluorine atoms, violating the octet rule.

PCI5: Phosphorus in PCI5 has 10 valence electrons, exceeding the octet rule. It forms 5 bonds with chlorine atoms, resulting in an expanded octet.

SF6: Sulfur in SF6 also violates the octet rule by having 12 valence electrons. It forms 6 bonds with fluorine atoms, leading to an expanded octet.

By examining the electron configurations and bond formations in each of these species, we can identify the atoms that violate the octet rule. This violation is due to the presence of more than 8 electrons in the valence shell of the atoms, resulting in expanded octets.

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