Notes of the s Block Elements
The s block elements are the elements in Group 1 (alkali metals) and Group 2 (alkaline earth metals) of the periodic table. These elements have their outermost electrons in the s orbital. Here are some key notes about the s block elements:

Alkali Metals (Group 1)
- Alkali metals are highly reactive and are stored under oil to prevent reaction with air and moisture.
- They have low melting and boiling points and are soft enough to be cut with a knife.
- The reactivity of alkali metals increases as you move down the group.
- They form ionic compounds with non-metals, such as halogens, and are used in various industrial processes.

Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2)
- Alkaline earth metals are less reactive than alkali metals but still need to be stored under oil to prevent oxidation.
- They have higher melting and boiling points compared to alkali metals.
- The reactivity of alkaline earth metals also increases as you move down the group.
- They are important components of many minerals and are used in various industrial applications.

Trends and Properties
- The s block elements show a gradual increase in atomic and ionic size down the group.
- Ionization energy decreases down the group, making it easier to remove outermost electrons.
- The metals in these groups form basic oxides and hydroxides, which react with acids to form salts.
- The reactivity of these elements is attributed to the ease with which they can lose their outermost electrons.
In conclusion, the s block elements exhibit distinct trends and properties that make them important components of the periodic table. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for further studies in chemistry.