Manure:

Manure refers to organic matter that is derived from the decomposition of animal waste, such as dung or urine, along with plant residues. It is commonly used as a natural fertilizer to improve soil fertility and enhance crop growth. Manure has been used for centuries and is an important component of organic farming practices. Here are some key points about manure:

1. Composition: Manure is composed of various organic materials, including animal waste, bedding materials, and uneaten feed. It contains essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), as well as micronutrients like calcium, magnesium, and sulfur.

2. Nutrient content: The nutrient content of manure varies depending on the type of animal, diet, and management practices. For example, poultry manure is rich in nitrogen, while cow manure has a balanced nutrient profile. The nutrient content can be determined through laboratory analysis to ensure proper application rates.

3. Slow-release of nutrients: Manure releases nutrients slowly over time, providing a continuous supply of nourishment to plants. This slow-release characteristic helps prevent nutrient leaching and reduces the risk of over-fertilization.

4. Soil improvement: Manure improves soil structure and enhances its water-holding capacity. It increases the presence of organic matter, which improves soil fertility, aeration, and nutrient-holding capacity. Manure also promotes the growth of beneficial soil microorganisms.

5. Environmental impact: While manure is a natural fertilizer, its application should be managed carefully to prevent environmental pollution. Excessive application or improper storage can lead to nutrient runoff into water bodies, causing water pollution and eutrophication.

Fertilizers:

Fertilizers are synthetic or naturally occurring substances that are specifically formulated to provide essential nutrients to plants. They are widely used in modern agriculture to increase crop yields and support plant growth. Here are some important aspects of fertilizers:

1. Chemical composition: Fertilizers are manufactured to contain specific ratios of nutrients. They are typically categorized into three main types based on their primary nutrient content: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). These nutrients are essential for plant growth and development.

2. Quick-release of nutrients: Fertilizers are designed to release nutrients rapidly when applied to the soil or foliage. This allows plants to have immediate access to the nutrients they need for optimal growth. However, the quick-release nature of fertilizers can increase the risk of nutrient leaching if not applied correctly.

3. Precision application: Fertilizers can be applied in a targeted manner, allowing farmers to tailor nutrient application rates based on specific crop requirements. This precision application enables efficient nutrient uptake and reduces the risk of nutrient wastage.

4. Supplementing soil deficiencies: Fertilizers are particularly useful in situations where the soil is deficient in certain nutrients. By providing the necessary nutrients, fertilizers help correct nutrient imbalances and promote healthy plant growth.

5. Environmental considerations: The use of fertilizers should be managed carefully to minimize negative environmental impacts. Overuse or improper application can lead to nutrient runoff, soil degradation, and water pollution. Proper nutrient management practices, including soil testing and

MANUREIt s natural and bio-degradableFERTILISERare man-made and bad for soil in long term