Manures increase soil fertility by enriching the soil with organic matter and nutrients as it is prepared by the decomposition of animal excreta and plant wastes. while fertilizers are inorganic compounds whose excessive use is harmful to the symbiotic micro-organisms living in soil.

Manure
Manure is a natural and organic source of nutrients for maintaining soil fertility. It is derived from animal waste, such as cow dung, poultry droppings, and pig manure. Manure has been used for centuries as a traditional method of enhancing soil fertility. Here are some key points highlighting the use of manure:

1. Nutrient Content: Manure contains a wide range of essential nutrients, including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), which are vital for plant growth and development. It also contains other micronutrients like calcium, magnesium, and sulfur.

2. Slow Release of Nutrients: One of the benefits of using manure is that it releases nutrients slowly over time. This slow-release mechanism ensures that plants receive a steady supply of nutrients throughout their growth cycle, reducing the risk of nutrient leaching and wastage.

3. Organic Matter: Manure is rich in organic matter, which improves soil structure and enhances its ability to retain water, nutrients, and beneficial microorganisms. Organic matter also increases the soil's cation exchange capacity, allowing it to hold onto and exchange nutrients for plant uptake.

4. Microbial Activity: Manure contains beneficial microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, that promote soil health. These microorganisms contribute to nutrient cycling, decomposition of organic matter, and suppression of harmful pathogens.

5. Environmental Sustainability: Using manure as a fertilizer reduces reliance on synthetic fertilizers, which can have negative environmental impacts. Manure is a renewable resource that helps minimize pollution and contributes to sustainable agricultural practices.

Fertilizers
Fertilizers are synthetic or chemical substances that are specifically formulated to provide plants with essential nutrients. They are widely used in modern agriculture to boost crop productivity. Here are some key points regarding the use of fertilizers:

1. Precise Nutrient Composition: Fertilizers are manufactured with precise nutrient compositions, allowing farmers to provide specific nutrients required by their crops. This targeted approach ensures that plants receive the necessary nutrients in the right proportions.

2. Fast-Acting: Unlike manure, fertilizers provide nutrients in a readily available form, allowing plants to quickly absorb them. This rapid nutrient availability can be advantageous in situations where crops require an immediate nutrient boost or correction of deficiencies.

3. High Nutrient Concentration: Fertilizers typically have higher nutrient concentrations compared to manure, making them a more efficient source of nutrients. This is particularly beneficial in areas with limited availability of organic resources or where space constraints limit the application of bulky manure.

4. Uniformity: Fertilizers ensure uniform nutrient distribution across the field, as they can be easily applied using mechanized equipment. This helps to avoid nutrient imbalances within the soil and promotes consistent plant growth.

5. Potential Environmental Concerns: Excessive and improper use of fertilizers can lead to nutrient runoff, causing water pollution and eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. It is crucial to carefully manage fertilizer application rates and timing to minimize environmental impacts.

In conclusion, both manure and fertilizers have their advantages and considerations when it comes to maintaining soil fertility. Manure provides a natural and sustainable source of nutrients, while fertilizers offer