what were the immediate causes of french revolution

Question

Answer

The immediate causes of the French Revolution were:

1. Unfair distribution of taxes

2. Unfair voting system... members of the third estate want that assembly should be conducted as assembly vote should be taken as each member should have one vote

3. Storming of Bastille by an agitated crowd

4. The population rose from 13 million to 28 million hence the scarcity of food.

Answer

The divisions among the people and the cruelty of the king and the queen.

Answer

Social cause- Before France revolution society of France was divided into three estates 1st estates were clergy, 2nd were nobility and 3rd were big merchants, labour, Peasants, doctors,landowners,landless labourers etc . Clergy and Nobility enjoyed certain privileges. The most important of them were exemptions of paying taxes.Only members of third estate had to pay taxes.Many indirect and direct taxes were levied on consumption. 90% of population of France were third estate and 60% of land owned by nobles.

Economical cause- In 1715 the population of France was 23 million but in 1789 population rose about 28 million. Thus increased population required food.But production of grains did not keep place so prices of grains rose rapidly and owers of shop did not increased wages of labourers.This led to subsistence crisis.

Political causes- Long years of war draigned the treasury. landowners now began to charge 10% interest on loans .Under louis16 , they helped 13 Americans colonies from the common enemy British.This war added 2 billions livres( livre-unit currency of France).Due to shortage of livre the maintenance of administration, military became difficult.

Role of philosophers- Rousseau, Montesque and many others philosophers introduced democratic ideas forward society.

Answer

Immediate Causes of the French Revolution:

1. Financial Crisis:
The French government was in a dire financial situation due to years of overspending on wars and extravagant court lifestyles. The country was burdened with high taxes, debt, and an inefficient tax system which heavily impacted the common people.

2. Social Inequality:
There was a stark contrast between the nobility and clergy who enjoyed privileges and exemptions from taxes, while the majority of the population, especially the Third Estate (commoners), faced poverty and oppression. This inequality created resentment among the lower classes.

3. Enlightenment Ideas:
The Enlightenment period brought about new ideas of individual rights, equality, and democracy. French thinkers like Voltaire and Rousseau questioned the authority of the monarchy and advocated for political and social reforms, inspiring the people to demand change.

4. Weak Leadership:
King Louis XVI's indecisiveness and inability to address the economic and social issues facing France contributed to the growing discontent among the population. The monarchy's lack of leadership and failure to enact reforms further fueled the revolutionary sentiments.

5. Influence of American Revolution:
The success of the American Revolution against British colonial rule served as a model for the French people, showing that a revolution could lead to the establishment of a democratic government. This inspired the French revolutionaries to push for similar changes in their own country.
These immediate causes of the French Revolution, along with long-standing grievances and underlying social tensions, culminated in the outbreak of the revolution in 1789.

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