**Action of KOH(aq) on CH3Cl**

When potassium hydroxide (KOH) is added to methyl chloride (CH3Cl), a substitution reaction known as nucleophilic substitution occurs.

1. **Formation of alkoxide ion:** In the presence of KOH, the hydroxide ion (OH-) acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbon atom of the methyl chloride, forming a new bond and breaking the bond between carbon and chlorine. This results in the formation of methanol (CH3OH) and the formation of the chloride ion (Cl-) as a byproduct.

CH3Cl + OH- → CH3OH + Cl-

**Action of KOH(aq) on CH2Cl2**

When potassium hydroxide (KOH) is added to dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), a similar nucleophilic substitution reaction takes place.

1. **Formation of alkoxide ion:** The hydroxide ion (OH-) from KOH acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbon atom in dichloromethane. This leads to the formation of methanol (CH3OH) and the formation of the chloride ion (Cl-) as a byproduct.

CH2Cl2 + OH- → CH3OH + Cl-

**Action of KOH(aq) on CHCl3**

Similarly, the addition of KOH to chloroform (CHCl3) also results in a nucleophilic substitution reaction.

1. **Formation of alkoxide ion:** The hydroxide ion (OH-) from KOH acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbon atom in chloroform. This results in the formation of methanol (CH3OH) and the formation of the chloride ion (Cl-) as a byproduct.

CHCl3 + OH- → CH3OH + Cl-

**Action of KOH(aq) on CCl4**

When potassium hydroxide (KOH) is added to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), a different reaction called dehydrohalogenation occurs.

1. **Formation of alkoxide ion:** The hydroxide ion (OH-) from KOH acts as a base rather than a nucleophile. It abstracts a proton (H+) from carbon tetrachloride, resulting in the formation of chloride ion (Cl-) and the elimination of a hydrogen chloride (HCl) molecule. This leads to the formation of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) as the final products.

CCl4 + OH- → CO2 + H2O + Cl-

In summary, the action of potassium hydroxide (KOH) on methyl chloride, dichloromethane, and chloroform results in nucleophilic substitution reactions, while the reaction with carbon tetrachloride leads to dehydrohalogenation. The specific products formed depend on the nature of the starting compound and the reaction conditions.

Ch3cl +koh gives ch3oh
ch2cl2+koh gives hcho aldehyse
chcl3 +koh gives hcooh a carboxilic acid
ccl4+koh gives co2 gas
i hope this is correct