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Direction (Q. Nos. 1-10) This section contains 10 multiple choice questions. Each question has four choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct.
Q.
Which of the following property decreases down the group in the halogens?
- a)Electropositive nature
- b)Density
- c)Boiling point
- d)Ionisation enthalp
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Direction (Q. Nos. 1-10) This section contains 10 multiple choice ques...
Due to increase in atomic size, ionisation enthalpy decreases down the group.
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Direction (Q. Nos. 1-10) This section contains 10 multiple choice ques...
Decrease in Ionisation Enthalpy down the Group in Halogens
Explanation:
The halogens are a group of highly reactive non-metals which are located in group 17 of the periodic table. The group includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine.
Ionisation enthalpy is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion in the gaseous state. It is a measure of the tendency of an atom or ion to lose an electron. The ionisation enthalpy of halogens decreases down the group due to the following reasons:
1. Increase in atomic size: As we move down the group, the atomic size of halogens increases due to the addition of new shells of electrons. The valence electrons are farther away from the nucleus, and the effective nuclear charge experienced by the outermost electron decreases. Therefore, it becomes easier to remove an electron from a larger atom.
2. Shielding effect: The increase in the number of shells results in an increase in the screening effect. The valence electrons are shielded by the inner electrons, which reduces the attraction between the nucleus and the outermost electron. Therefore, the ionisation enthalpy decreases down the group.
3. Increase in electron-electron repulsion: As we move down the group, the number of electrons increases, leading to an increase in electron-electron repulsion. This repulsion weakens the attraction between the nucleus and the outermost electron, making it easier to remove an electron.
Thus, the ionisation enthalpy of halogens decreases down the group due to the increase in atomic size, shielding effect, and increase in electron-electron repulsion.
Therefore, option (d) is correct - Ionisation enthalpy.
Explanation:
The halogens are a group of highly reactive non-metals which are located in group 17 of the periodic table. The group includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine.
Ionisation enthalpy is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion in the gaseous state. It is a measure of the tendency of an atom or ion to lose an electron. The ionisation enthalpy of halogens decreases down the group due to the following reasons:
1. Increase in atomic size: As we move down the group, the atomic size of halogens increases due to the addition of new shells of electrons. The valence electrons are farther away from the nucleus, and the effective nuclear charge experienced by the outermost electron decreases. Therefore, it becomes easier to remove an electron from a larger atom.
2. Shielding effect: The increase in the number of shells results in an increase in the screening effect. The valence electrons are shielded by the inner electrons, which reduces the attraction between the nucleus and the outermost electron. Therefore, the ionisation enthalpy decreases down the group.
3. Increase in electron-electron repulsion: As we move down the group, the number of electrons increases, leading to an increase in electron-electron repulsion. This repulsion weakens the attraction between the nucleus and the outermost electron, making it easier to remove an electron.
Thus, the ionisation enthalpy of halogens decreases down the group due to the increase in atomic size, shielding effect, and increase in electron-electron repulsion.
Therefore, option (d) is correct - Ionisation enthalpy.
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Direction (Q. Nos. 1-10) This section contains 10 multiple choice questions. Each question has four choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct.Q. Which of the following property decreases down the group in the halogens?a)Electropositive natureb)Densityc)Boiling pointd)Ionisation enthalpCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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