LL(1) and LR(1) are both parsing algorithms used to analyze the grammatical structure of a given language. Both algorithms have different characteristics and can handle different types of grammars.

LL(1) Parsing:
- LL(1) stands for Left-to-right, Leftmost derivation with 1 symbol lookahead.
- It is a top-down parsing algorithm that starts from the start symbol and tries to match the input string by expanding the non-terminals.
- The number 1 in LL(1) indicates that it uses only 1 symbol lookahead to make parsing decisions.
- LL(1) grammars are a subset of context-free grammars that can be parsed using the LL(1) algorithm.
- LL(1) grammars do not have left recursion and do not have any common prefixes in their production rules.
- LL(1) parsing is easier to implement and provides better error reporting compared to LR(1) parsing.

LR(1) Parsing:
- LR(1) stands for Left-to-right, Rightmost derivation with 1 symbol lookahead.
- It is a bottom-up parsing algorithm that starts from the input symbols and builds a parse tree by reducing the symbols according to the production rules.
- The number 1 in LR(1) indicates that it uses only 1 symbol lookahead to make parsing decisions.
- LR(1) grammars are a larger class of context-free grammars that can be parsed using the LR(1) algorithm.
- LR(1) grammars can handle left recursion and have more flexibility in their production rules.
- LR(1) parsing is more powerful and can handle a wider range of grammars compared to LL(1) parsing.

The given grammar S -> aSa | bS | c is LL(1) but not LR(1). Here's why:

LL(1) Analysis:
- The grammar does not have any left recursion.
- It does not have any common prefixes in its production rules.
- The first sets for the non-terminals are:
- First(S) = {a, b, c}
- The follow sets for the non-terminals are:
- Follow(S) = {$}

LR(1) Analysis:
- The grammar has left recursion in the production rule S -> aSa, which makes it unsuitable for LR(1) parsing.
- LR(1) parsing requires the grammar to be left recursive-free.
- LR(1) parsing also requires the grammar to have unique prefixes for each production rule, which is not the case for this grammar.

Therefore, the given grammar S -> aSa | bS | c is LL(1) but not LR(1).