The problem faced by Dala and Ramkali in the story of Palampur can be attributed to the lack of modern farming methods and limited resources available to them. This problem is described in Chapter 1 of Class 9 SST (Economics) textbook.

Introduction:
The story of Dala and Ramkali revolves around their struggle as farmers in the village of Palampur. The village is inhabited by mainly small farmers who cultivate small plots of land and depend on farming for their livelihood.

Problem 1: Lack of Modern Farming Methods:
Dala and Ramkali face the challenge of practicing traditional farming methods, which are less efficient and yield lower productivity. They do not have access to modern tools and machinery like tractors, harvesters, and threshers, which can simplify their work and increase productivity. As a result, they have to rely on manual labor and outdated techniques, which consume more time and effort.

Problem 2: Limited Irrigation Facilities:
Another issue faced by Dala and Ramkali is the limited availability of irrigation facilities. Due to a lack of proper irrigation systems, they struggle to provide sufficient water to their crops, especially during dry seasons. This hampers their crop production and reduces their overall income.

Problem 3: Lack of Capital and Credit:
Dala and Ramkali also face the challenge of limited access to capital and credit. They do not have enough money to invest in purchasing improved seeds, fertilizers, and equipment. Additionally, they struggle to secure loans from formal financial institutions due to their low income and lack of collateral. This restricts their ability to improve their farming methods and invest in modern technologies.

Problem 4: Dependence on Monsoons:
The farmers of Palampur, including Dala and Ramkali, heavily rely on monsoons for their agricultural activities. However, unpredictable rainfall patterns and frequent droughts pose a significant challenge to their farming practices. Insufficient or untimely rainfall affects crop growth, leading to lower yields and financial losses.

Conclusion:
The problems faced by Dala and Ramkali highlight the need for modernization of farming practices, better irrigation facilities, access to capital and credit, and measures to mitigate the dependence on monsoons. These improvements would not only enhance the livelihoods of farmers but also contribute to the overall development of rural areas.