Introduction:
The Ashokan inscriptions are a significant historical source that provides valuable insights into the reign of Emperor Ashoka, the third ruler of the Mauryan Empire. These inscriptions were found in various locations within and outside the empire, shedding light on the extent of Ashoka's influence and the spread of his message.

Within the Mauryan Empire:
Several locations within the Mauryan Empire have been marked with red dots, indicating the presence of Ashokan inscriptions. These locations include:

1. Magadha: The heartland of the Mauryan Empire, Magadha, encompassed modern-day Bihar and parts of Jharkhand and West Bengal. Numerous inscriptions have been found in this region, particularly in and around the capital city of Pataliputra (present-day Patna).

2. Kalinga: This ancient kingdom, located in present-day Odisha and parts of Andhra Pradesh, witnessed a pivotal event in Ashoka's life. Following the brutal Kalinga War, Ashoka embraced Buddhism and subsequently erected inscriptions in this region.

3. Gandhara: Situated in present-day Pakistan and Afghanistan, the region of Gandhara was an important part of the Mauryan Empire. Ashokan inscriptions have been discovered in this area, showcasing the spread of Ashoka's message beyond the Indian subcontinent.

Outside the Mauryan Empire:
Although the Mauryan Empire primarily covered the Indian subcontinent, Ashokan inscriptions have been found in regions beyond its territorial boundaries. These locations include:

1. Nepal: Ashoka's inscriptions have been discovered in Nepal, indicating the influence of the Mauryan Empire in the region during his reign.

2. Afghanistan: Several Ashokan inscriptions have been found in Afghanistan, particularly in the region of Kandahar. These inscriptions highlight the extent of Mauryan control and Ashoka's efforts to propagate Buddhism in this area.

Indian States outside the Mauryan Empire:
While most of the Ashokan inscriptions were found within the Mauryan Empire, a few have been discovered in Indian states that were outside the empire's jurisdiction. These states include:

1. Karnataka: Inscriptions attributed to Ashoka have been found in Karnataka, particularly in areas such as Brahmagiri and Siddapur. These inscriptions emphasize Ashoka's commitment to spreading Buddhism and his adherence to moral values.

2. Maharashtra: Some Ashokan inscriptions have been unearthed in Maharashtra, particularly in regions like Junnar and Naneghat. These inscriptions reflect Ashoka's Dhamma policy and his emphasis on righteousness and compassion.

Conclusion:
The Ashokan inscriptions, marked with red dots, have been found in various locations within and outside the Mauryan Empire. These inscriptions provide valuable historical evidence of Ashoka's reign, his adoption of Buddhism, and his efforts to propagate his message of peace and moral values. The inscriptions are a testament to Ashoka's influence and the wide reach of his empire.