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Which of the following is true about a spontaneous process?
- a)Spontaneity does not depend on Gibbs energy.
- b)Gibbs energy change is less than 0.
- c)Gibbs energy change is 0.
- d)Gibbs energy change is greater than 0.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Which of the following is true about a spontaneous process?a)Spontanei...
A spontaneous process is the time-evolution of a system in which it releases free energy and it moves to a lower, more thermodynamically stable energy state. For cases involving an isolated system where no energy is exchanged with the surroundings, spontaneous processes are characterized by an increase in entropy
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Which of the following is true about a spontaneous process?a)Spontanei...
Introduction:
Spontaneity refers to the tendency of a process to occur without any external influence. In other words, a spontaneous process is one that occurs naturally and without the need for additional energy input. The Gibbs energy change (ΔG) is a thermodynamic property that determines whether a process is spontaneous or not. It is given by the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where ΔH is the change in enthalpy, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and ΔS is the change in entropy.
Explanation:
The correct answer is option B, which states that the Gibbs energy change is less than 0 for a spontaneous process.
Gibbs Energy Change (ΔG):
The Gibbs energy change (ΔG) is a measure of the energy available to do useful work in a system at constant temperature and pressure. It combines the effects of both enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) changes in a process. The sign of ΔG determines the spontaneity of a process.
Spontaneity and Gibbs Energy Change:
1. ΔG < 0:="" a="" negative="" gibbs="" energy="" change="" indicates="" that="" the="" process="" is="" spontaneous.="" in="" this="" case,="" the="" system="" releases="" energy="" to="" the="" surroundings,="" and="" the="" reaction="" occurs="" without="" any="" external="" input="" of="" energy.="" the="" process="" will="" proceed="" in="" the="" forward="" />
2. ΔG = 0: A zero Gibbs energy change indicates that the system is at equilibrium. In this case, the forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates, and there is no net change in the system.
3. ΔG > 0: A positive Gibbs energy change indicates that the process is non-spontaneous. In this case, the system requires an input of energy to proceed. The process will not occur naturally unless energy is supplied to the system.
Conclusion:
From the above explanation, it is clear that a spontaneous process is characterized by a negative Gibbs energy change (ΔG < 0).="" option="" b="" correctly="" states="" that="" the="" gibbs="" energy="" change="" is="" less="" than="" 0="" for="" a="" spontaneous="" process.="" it="" is="" important="" to="" note="" that="" spontaneity="" does="" depend="" on="" the="" gibbs="" energy="" change,="" as="" it="" is="" a="" crucial="" parameter="" in="" determining="" the="" direction="" and="" feasibility="" of="" a="" process.="" 0).="" option="" b="" correctly="" states="" that="" the="" gibbs="" energy="" change="" is="" less="" than="" 0="" for="" a="" spontaneous="" process.="" it="" is="" important="" to="" note="" that="" spontaneity="" does="" depend="" on="" the="" gibbs="" energy="" change,="" as="" it="" is="" a="" crucial="" parameter="" in="" determining="" the="" direction="" and="" feasibility="" of="" a="" />
Spontaneity refers to the tendency of a process to occur without any external influence. In other words, a spontaneous process is one that occurs naturally and without the need for additional energy input. The Gibbs energy change (ΔG) is a thermodynamic property that determines whether a process is spontaneous or not. It is given by the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where ΔH is the change in enthalpy, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and ΔS is the change in entropy.
Explanation:
The correct answer is option B, which states that the Gibbs energy change is less than 0 for a spontaneous process.
Gibbs Energy Change (ΔG):
The Gibbs energy change (ΔG) is a measure of the energy available to do useful work in a system at constant temperature and pressure. It combines the effects of both enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) changes in a process. The sign of ΔG determines the spontaneity of a process.
Spontaneity and Gibbs Energy Change:
1. ΔG < 0:="" a="" negative="" gibbs="" energy="" change="" indicates="" that="" the="" process="" is="" spontaneous.="" in="" this="" case,="" the="" system="" releases="" energy="" to="" the="" surroundings,="" and="" the="" reaction="" occurs="" without="" any="" external="" input="" of="" energy.="" the="" process="" will="" proceed="" in="" the="" forward="" />
2. ΔG = 0: A zero Gibbs energy change indicates that the system is at equilibrium. In this case, the forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates, and there is no net change in the system.
3. ΔG > 0: A positive Gibbs energy change indicates that the process is non-spontaneous. In this case, the system requires an input of energy to proceed. The process will not occur naturally unless energy is supplied to the system.
Conclusion:
From the above explanation, it is clear that a spontaneous process is characterized by a negative Gibbs energy change (ΔG < 0).="" option="" b="" correctly="" states="" that="" the="" gibbs="" energy="" change="" is="" less="" than="" 0="" for="" a="" spontaneous="" process.="" it="" is="" important="" to="" note="" that="" spontaneity="" does="" depend="" on="" the="" gibbs="" energy="" change,="" as="" it="" is="" a="" crucial="" parameter="" in="" determining="" the="" direction="" and="" feasibility="" of="" a="" process.="" 0).="" option="" b="" correctly="" states="" that="" the="" gibbs="" energy="" change="" is="" less="" than="" 0="" for="" a="" spontaneous="" process.="" it="" is="" important="" to="" note="" that="" spontaneity="" does="" depend="" on="" the="" gibbs="" energy="" change,="" as="" it="" is="" a="" crucial="" parameter="" in="" determining="" the="" direction="" and="" feasibility="" of="" a="" />
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Which of the following is true about a spontaneous process?a)Spontaneity does not depend on Gibbs energy.b)Gibbs energy change is less than 0.c)Gibbs energy change is 0.d)Gibbs energy change is greater than 0.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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