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A particular ratio of product to reactant helps in predicting the direction in which a given reaction will proceed at any stage. is called
- a)reaction quotient,
- b)molecular constant
- c)active mass constant
- d)equilibrium constant
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Reaction Quotient (Q) is a particular ratio of product to reactant concentrations or pressures at any stage of a reaction. It helps in predicting the direction in which a given reaction will proceed.
Explanation:
1. Reaction Quotient:
- The reaction quotient (Q) is a mathematical expression that relates the concentrations or pressures of products and reactants in a chemical reaction at any given moment.
- It is calculated in the same way as the equilibrium constant (K), but it is determined at any stage of the reaction before equilibrium is reached.
- The only difference between Q and K is that Q can be calculated using concentrations or pressures that are not necessarily at equilibrium, while K is calculated using concentrations or pressures at equilibrium.
2. Predicting Reaction Direction:
- The reaction quotient (Q) helps in predicting the direction in which a given reaction will proceed by comparing its value to the equilibrium constant (K).
- If Q is less than K, it means that the concentrations or pressures of the reactants are higher than those of the products, and the reaction will proceed in the forward direction to reach equilibrium.
- If Q is greater than K, it means that the concentrations or pressures of the products are higher than those of the reactants, and the reaction will proceed in the reverse direction to reach equilibrium.
- If Q is equal to K, it means that the reaction is already at equilibrium, and the concentrations or pressures of the products and reactants are in the correct ratio.
3. Significance:
- The reaction quotient (Q) is a useful tool in understanding the progress and direction of a chemical reaction.
- By comparing Q to the equilibrium constant (K), it allows us to determine whether a reaction is proceeding towards the formation of products or reactants at any given stage.
- This information is crucial for understanding the kinetics and thermodynamics of a reaction and can be used to optimize reaction conditions or predict the yield of a desired product.
Thus, the correct option is 'A' - reaction quotient.
Explanation:
1. Reaction Quotient:
- The reaction quotient (Q) is a mathematical expression that relates the concentrations or pressures of products and reactants in a chemical reaction at any given moment.
- It is calculated in the same way as the equilibrium constant (K), but it is determined at any stage of the reaction before equilibrium is reached.
- The only difference between Q and K is that Q can be calculated using concentrations or pressures that are not necessarily at equilibrium, while K is calculated using concentrations or pressures at equilibrium.
2. Predicting Reaction Direction:
- The reaction quotient (Q) helps in predicting the direction in which a given reaction will proceed by comparing its value to the equilibrium constant (K).
- If Q is less than K, it means that the concentrations or pressures of the reactants are higher than those of the products, and the reaction will proceed in the forward direction to reach equilibrium.
- If Q is greater than K, it means that the concentrations or pressures of the products are higher than those of the reactants, and the reaction will proceed in the reverse direction to reach equilibrium.
- If Q is equal to K, it means that the reaction is already at equilibrium, and the concentrations or pressures of the products and reactants are in the correct ratio.
3. Significance:
- The reaction quotient (Q) is a useful tool in understanding the progress and direction of a chemical reaction.
- By comparing Q to the equilibrium constant (K), it allows us to determine whether a reaction is proceeding towards the formation of products or reactants at any given stage.
- This information is crucial for understanding the kinetics and thermodynamics of a reaction and can be used to optimize reaction conditions or predict the yield of a desired product.
Thus, the correct option is 'A' - reaction quotient.
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