Consider the following statements:a)For a one component system, the maximum number of phases that can exits in equilibrium is three. b)A system as have negative degrees of freedom c)The number of phases in a system does not depend not he amounts of various substances present at equilibrium. d)The number of triple point in phase diagram of sulfur is 3Correct answer is option 'A,C'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Consider the following statements:&#8203;a)For a one component system, the maximum number of phases that can exits in equilibrium is three. b)A system as have negative degrees of freedom c)The number of phases in a system does not depend not he amounts of various substances present at equilibrium. d)The number of triple point in phase diagram of sulfur is 3Correct answer is option 'A,C'. Can you explain this answer?

Answer

Answer

a) If there is only one component, there are no degrees of freedom (F = 0) when there are three phases.

d) The phase diagram of sulfur contains a new feature: there are two solid phases, rhombic and monoclinic. The names refer to the crystal structures in which the S₈ molecules arrange themselves. This gives rise to three triple points, indicated by the numbers on the diagram.

Answer

a) If there is only one component, there are no degrees of freedom (F = 0) when there are three phases.

d) The phase diagram of sulfur contains a new feature: there are two solid phases, rhombic and monoclinic. The names refer to the crystal structures in which the S₈ molecules arrange themselves. This gives rise to three triple points, indicated by the numbers on the diagram.

Answer

Statement a: For a one component system, the maximum number of phases that can exist in equilibrium is three.
Correct answer: True

Explanation:
In a one-component system, there is only one type of substance present. The phases in a system refer to the different states of matter that the substance can exist in, such as solid, liquid, and gas.

For a one-component system, the maximum number of phases that can exist in equilibrium is three. This is known as the triple point. At the triple point, all three phases of the substance coexist in equilibrium. For example, at the triple point of water, all three phases (solid ice, liquid water, and water vapor) can coexist in equilibrium.

Statement b: A system can have negative degrees of freedom.
Correct answer: False

Explanation:
Degrees of freedom refer to the independent variables that can be varied without violating the constraints of a system. In chemistry, degrees of freedom are related to the number of components and phases in a system.

A system cannot have negative degrees of freedom. The minimum number of degrees of freedom for a system is zero, which corresponds to a completely constrained system where all variables are fixed. Negative degrees of freedom do not have physical meaning and are not possible in a chemical system.

Statement c: The number of phases in a system does not depend on the amounts of various substances present at equilibrium.
Correct answer: True

Explanation:
The number of phases in a system is determined by the nature of the substance(s) present and the conditions of temperature and pressure. It does not depend on the amounts of the substances present at equilibrium.

For example, in a binary system with two components, the number of phases that can exist in equilibrium is determined by the phase diagram. The amounts of the two components may vary, but as long as the conditions of temperature and pressure remain the same, the number of phases in equilibrium will not change.

Statement d: The number of triple points in the phase diagram of sulfur is 3.
Correct answer: False

Explanation:
The triple point is a unique point on a phase diagram where all three phases of a substance coexist in equilibrium. For a one-component system, there can only be one triple point.

The phase diagram of sulfur typically shows two triple points: one at low pressure and low temperature where sulfur exists as a solid, liquid, and gas, and another at high pressure and high temperature where sulfur exists as a solid, liquid, and supercritical fluid. Therefore, the statement that the number of triple points in the phase diagram of sulfur is three is false.

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