The scientific method isa)A prescribed method for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge...b)A body of techniques for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge...c)A procedure for proposing new hypothesisd)A method for proposing new theories.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

The scientific method is a body of techniques for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge. To be termed scientific, a method of inquiry is commonly based on empirical or measurable evidence subject to specific principles of reasoning.

Answer

It is based on observable, empirical, measurable evidence, and subject to laws of reasoning. Although specialized procedure vary from one field of inquiry to another, there are identifiable features that distinguish scientific inquiry from other methods of developing knowledge.

Answer

Definition of the scientific method:
The scientific method is a body of techniques used for investigating phenomena and acquiring new knowledge. It provides a systematic approach to conducting scientific research and is characterized by its empirical and evidence-based nature. Scientists use the scientific method to formulate hypotheses, design experiments, collect and analyze data, and draw conclusions.

Components of the scientific method:
1. Observation: The first step in the scientific method is making observations about a phenomenon or a problem. Observations can be made through direct observation, experiments, or data analysis. These observations help scientists identify patterns, trends, and potential relationships.

2. Question: Once an observation is made, scientists formulate a specific question to investigate. This question should be clear, focused, and testable. It guides the entire research process and helps define the scope and objectives of the study.

3. Hypothesis: A hypothesis is a tentative explanation or a possible answer to the research question. It is based on existing knowledge and observations. The hypothesis should be testable and falsifiable, meaning it can be proven wrong through experimentation or evidence.

4. Experiment: Scientists design experiments to test the hypothesis. The experiment involves manipulating variables, collecting data, and analyzing the results. The experiment should be carefully planned and controlled to ensure accurate and reliable results.

5. Data analysis: After conducting the experiment, scientists analyze the data collected. This involves organizing, interpreting, and summarizing the data using statistical methods and other analytical techniques. The analysis helps determine if the results support or reject the hypothesis.

6. Conclusion: Based on the data analysis, scientists draw conclusions about the hypothesis. If the results support the hypothesis, it can be considered as a possible explanation for the observed phenomenon. If the results do not support the hypothesis, scientists may revise the hypothesis or propose alternative explanations.

7. Communication: The final step of the scientific method is to communicate the findings to the scientific community through scientific papers, conferences, or presentations. This allows other scientists to evaluate, replicate, and build upon the research, contributing to the cumulative knowledge of the field.

Why option 'B' is the correct answer:
Option 'B' is the correct answer because it accurately describes the scientific method as a body of techniques used for investigating phenomena and acquiring new knowledge. It encompasses the systematic approach and process scientists follow, including making observations, formulating hypotheses, conducting experiments, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions. The scientific method is not limited to proposing new theories or hypotheses (option 'C' and 'D'), but it involves a broader set of techniques and procedures for scientific inquiry.

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