In photoelectric effect,when light incident on metal surface the no. Of electron emitted is depends on intensity of light and speed of Electron is depends on frequency of incidents light. Photoelectric current is due to the ejection of photo electrons.

The Photoelectric Effect and the Photoelectric Current

The photoelectric effect refers to the phenomenon where electrons are emitted from a material's surface when it is exposed to light. This effect can be explained by considering light as composed of particles known as photons. When a photon interacts with an electron in the material, the electron can absorb the energy of the photon and be ejected from the material, creating an electric current.

Factors Affecting the Photoelectric Current

The photoelectric current refers to the flow of electrons that are emitted from the material's surface due to the photoelectric effect. The intensity and frequency of the incident light are two factors that can affect the photoelectric current. However, the correct answer is option 'D', which states that the photoelectric current does not depend on photon frequency but only on the intensity of the incident light. Let's discuss why this is the case.

Explanation

1. Intensity of Incident Light:
- The intensity of the incident light refers to the number of photons striking the material's surface per unit time.
- When the intensity of the incident light increases, it means that more photons are reaching the material's surface, resulting in a higher number of electrons being emitted.
- Therefore, an increase in the intensity of the incident light leads to an increase in the photoelectric current.

2. Frequency of Incident Light:
- The frequency of the incident light refers to the energy carried by each photon. It determines the energy required to remove an electron from the material's surface.
- The energy required to remove an electron, known as the work function, is specific to each material. If the energy of the incident photon is greater than the work function, the electron can be emitted.
- However, the frequency of the incident light does not affect the number of electrons emitted per unit time. It only determines whether an electron can be emitted or not.
- If the frequency of the incident light is below the threshold frequency, no electrons will be emitted, regardless of the intensity of the light.
- Therefore, the photoelectric current does not depend on the frequency of the incident light, as it only affects the ability to emit electrons, not the number of electrons emitted.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the photoelectric current is primarily determined by the intensity of the incident light. An increase in the intensity of the incident light leads to a higher number of emitted electrons. The frequency of the incident light, on the other hand, only affects whether an electron can be emitted or not, but it does not influence the number of electrons emitted. Therefore, option 'D' correctly states that the photoelectric current does not depend on the photon frequency but only on the intensity of the incident light.