Toxicity of Cadmium and Mercury - Reversal by Proteins

Cadmium and mercury are heavy metals that are toxic to the body. However, proteins in the body can help reverse their toxicity by binding to them and removing them from the body. The amino acid residue that plays a key role in this process is Cysteine.

Cysteine and Metal Binding

Cysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is found in many proteins in the body. It has a unique property in that it can form a covalent bond with metals such as cadmium and mercury. This bond helps to remove these metals from the body, preventing them from causing damage.

Metallothioneins

One group of proteins that are particularly important in removing cadmium and mercury from the body are called metallothioneins. These proteins are rich in cysteine residues, which allow them to bind to metals and remove them from the body.

Cadmium and Mercury Toxicity

Cadmium and mercury are toxic to the body because they can interfere with normal cellular processes. Cadmium can cause kidney damage, while mercury can damage the nervous system. Both metals can also interfere with the body's ability to produce energy.

Reversal of Toxicity

Proteins that contain cysteine residues can help reverse the toxicity of cadmium and mercury by binding to these metals and removing them from the body. This process helps to prevent damage to the kidneys and nervous system, as well as maintaining normal cellular processes.

Conclusion

Cysteine is an important amino acid residue that plays a key role in reversing the toxicity of cadmium and mercury in the body. Proteins such as metallothioneins that contain cysteine residues are particularly effective in binding to these metals and removing them from the body. This process is essential in preventing damage to the body's organs and maintaining normal cellular processes.