India has a parliamentary form of government. It is a federal democratic republic where the President of India is the head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government. The government is based on the Constitution of India, which was adopted on 26th January 1950.

Key Features of India's Parliamentary Government:

1. Constitutional Framework:
India's form of government is defined by the Constitution, which lays down the fundamental principles and structure of governance. It establishes the distribution of powers between the central government and the state governments, outlines the rights and duties of citizens, and sets up the various institutions of government.

2. Separation of Powers:
India follows the principle of separation of powers, where the powers of the government are divided into three branches - the legislature, executive, and judiciary. Each branch has its own roles and functions to ensure a system of checks and balances.

3. Federal Structure:
India is a federal country, meaning it has a dual government system where power is divided between the central government and the state governments. The central government handles matters of national importance, while the state governments are responsible for local governance within their respective territories.

4. Parliamentary System:
India follows a parliamentary system of government, where the executive branch is responsible to the legislature. The Prime Minister, who is the leader of the majority party or coalition in the lower house of Parliament (Lok Sabha), is the head of government. The President, who is elected by an electoral college, is the ceremonial head of state.

5. Cabinet Government:
The executive power of the government is vested in the President, but it is exercised by the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister and other ministers are collectively responsible to the Parliament and are accountable for their actions.

6. Representative Democracy:
India's government is based on the principles of representative democracy, where the citizens elect their representatives to the Parliament and state legislatures through periodic elections. The elected representatives make laws and take decisions on behalf of the people.

7. Fundamental Rights and Duties:
The Constitution of India guarantees certain fundamental rights to its citizens, such as the right to equality, freedom of speech, and protection against discrimination. It also imposes certain fundamental duties on citizens, such as respecting the Constitution, promoting harmony, and striving for excellence.

Overall, India's form of government is a parliamentary federal democratic republic, where power is distributed between the central and state governments, and the executive is accountable to the legislature. The government operates within the framework of the Constitution, which ensures the protection of fundamental rights and the functioning of democratic institutions.