Natural rubber, also called India rubber or caoutchouc, as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds, plus water. ... Currently, rubber is harvested mainly in the form of the latex from the rubber tree or others.

Natural Rubber as a Polymer of 2-Methylbutadiene

Introduction:
Natural rubber is a polymer that is obtained from the sap of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). The polymer is composed of a long chain of repeating units, each of which contains five carbon atoms. The monomer from which natural rubber is made is 2-methylbutadiene, which has the chemical formula CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2.

Polymerization:
Natural rubber is formed by polymerization of 2-methylbutadiene molecules. The polymerization process is initiated by the action of a protein enzyme called rubber transferase, which is present in the rubber tree sap. The enzyme catalyzes the formation of a long chain of 2-methylbutadiene molecules, which are linked together by covalent bonds.

Structure:
The structure of natural rubber is highly complex, and it is characterized by a high degree of branching and cross-linking. The polymer chains are not linear, but rather form a tangled network of interconnected chains. The cross-linking of the chains is responsible for the high elasticity and resilience of natural rubber.

Properties:
Natural rubber is a highly elastic material that can stretch up to several times its original length without breaking. It is also highly resilient, meaning that it can return to its original shape after being stretched or deformed. These properties make natural rubber an ideal material for use in a wide range of applications, including tires, hoses, belts, and seals.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, natural rubber is a polymer that is composed of 2-methylbutadiene monomers. The polymerization of the monomers is catalyzed by a protein enzyme, resulting in a highly complex and cross-linked structure. The unique properties of natural rubber make it a valuable material for many industrial applications.