Explanation:

The correct answer is option B) Rabindranath Tagore.

Rabindranath Tagore was an Indian poet, writer, philosopher, and musician who was the first non-European to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913. He was a prominent figure in the Indian independence movement and a strong advocate for artistic and intellectual freedom.

Jallianwala Bagh Massacre:
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar, Punjab, during the British Raj in India. British troops, led by Colonel Reginald Dyer, fired into a crowd of peaceful protesters who had gathered in Jallianwala Bagh to protest against the repressive Rowlatt Act. The act gave the British government sweeping powers to suppress revolutionary activities in India.

Renunciation of Knighthood:
Rabindranath Tagore strongly condemned the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and the oppressive actions of the British government. In protest against the incident, he decided to renounce his knighthood, which he had received in 1915.

Reasons for Renunciation:
1. Moral Outrage: Tagore was deeply disturbed by the brutal massacre of innocent civilians by British troops. He believed it was a grave violation of human rights and an act of extreme brutality.
2. Symbolic Protest: By renouncing his knighthood, Tagore wanted to send a strong message of dissent and protest against British rule in India. He wanted to show his solidarity with the Indian people and their struggle for freedom.
3. Artistic Expression: Tagore was known for his artistic and literary works that celebrated the beauty of India and its culture. Renouncing his knighthood was a way for him to express his disappointment and disillusionment with the British government's actions.

Impact:
Tagore's renunciation of his knighthood had a significant impact on the Indian independence movement. It inspired many Indians to join the struggle against British rule and brought international attention to the atrocities committed by the British in India. Tagore's act of protest became an important symbol of resistance and contributed to the growing momentum for independence.

In conclusion, Rabindranath Tagore, the Indian poet and Nobel laureate, renounced his knighthood in protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, which he considered a grave injustice. His act of renunciation became a powerful symbol of resistance and played a significant role in the Indian independence movement.

Answer:
The Indian who renounced his knighthood after the Jallianwala Bagh massacre was Rabindranath Tagore.
Here is a detailed explanation:
Background:
- The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar, Punjab, during the British Raj in India.
- General Reginald Dyer ordered the British Indian Army to open fire on a crowd of unarmed Indian protesters who had gathered in Jallianwala Bagh to peacefully protest against the repressive Rowlatt Act.
Rabindranath Tagore:
- Rabindranath Tagore was a prominent Indian poet, philosopher, musician, and artist.
- He was the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913 for his collection of poems, Gitanjali.
- Tagore was deeply affected by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and saw it as a betrayal of humanity and justice.
Renunciation of Knighthood:
- In protest against the massacre, Rabindranath Tagore renounced his knighthood, which he had received in 1915.
- He sent a letter to the British government expressing his anguish and stating that he could not accept the honor from a government that perpetrated such atrocities.
- His act of renunciation was a powerful statement against British colonial rule and garnered international attention.
Impact:
- Tagore's renunciation of knighthood became a symbol of resistance against British oppression.
- It inspired many Indians to join the freedom movement and fight for independence.
- Tagore continued to be a strong advocate for Indian nationalism and played a significant role in shaping the cultural and intellectual discourse during the freedom struggle.
Therefore, the correct answer is B: Rabindranath Tagore.