Types of Spectroscopy
Many types of spectroscopy are used to analyze the interactions of electromagnetic radiation with matter. Here are some key types:

1. Absorption Spectroscopy
Absorption spectroscopy measures the amount of light absorbed by a sample as a function of wavelength. It is commonly used to identify and quantify substances present in a sample based on their absorption characteristics.

2. Emission Spectroscopy
Emission spectroscopy involves the measurement of the light emitted by a sample after it has been excited by an external energy source. This technique is often used to determine the elemental composition of a sample.

3. Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Fluorescence spectroscopy measures the light emitted by a sample that has absorbed light of a specific wavelength. This technique is sensitive and widely used in biochemistry and environmental science.

4. Raman Spectroscopy
Raman spectroscopy involves the scattering of light by molecules, resulting in shifts in wavelength that can provide information about molecular vibrations and structures. It is valuable for chemical analysis and materials characterization.

5. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy
NMR spectroscopy is based on the interaction of nuclei with magnetic fields and radiofrequency radiation. It is commonly used to determine the structure and dynamics of molecules in solution.
These are just a few examples of the many types of spectroscopy available, each offering unique insights into the properties and behavior of matter at the atomic and molecular levels.