CBSE Class 12 Geography Official Sample Question Paper Solution (2023-2024) | Geography Class 12 - Humanities/Arts PDF Download

 Page 1


 
Page 1 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
CBSE 
MARKING SCHEME 
GEOGRAPHY (029) 
Class: XII 2023–24 
Time allowed: 3 Hours                                                                                Maximum marks: 70 
SECTION A 
Q. No. There are 17 questions in this section. All are mandatory. Marks 
1 Ans. B Both the statements are true and statement 2 correctly explains the 
statement 1 
1 
2 Ans. B 
            I      II III IV  
   B.     2 1 4 3 
 
1 
3 
Ans. C Oil Ports 
1 
4 Ans. B Both the statements are true 1 
5 Ans. C. Productivity   - Resources must be used keeping in mind the future 1 
6 Ans. C Indo – Aryan 1 
7 
Ans. C1
st
 January 1995 
1 
8 Ans. B Gardener 1 
9 Ans. B Mexico and Philippines 1 
10 Ans. C Both the statements are correct, and statement II correctly explains 
statement I 
1 
11 Ans. A(iv) - (ii) - (i) - (iii)  1 
12 Ans. D Helpful in production of hydro electricity   1 
13 Ans. D Twenty Years Road Plan  1 
Page 2


 
Page 1 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
CBSE 
MARKING SCHEME 
GEOGRAPHY (029) 
Class: XII 2023–24 
Time allowed: 3 Hours                                                                                Maximum marks: 70 
SECTION A 
Q. No. There are 17 questions in this section. All are mandatory. Marks 
1 Ans. B Both the statements are true and statement 2 correctly explains the 
statement 1 
1 
2 Ans. B 
            I      II III IV  
   B.     2 1 4 3 
 
1 
3 
Ans. C Oil Ports 
1 
4 Ans. B Both the statements are true 1 
5 Ans. C. Productivity   - Resources must be used keeping in mind the future 1 
6 Ans. C Indo – Aryan 1 
7 
Ans. C1
st
 January 1995 
1 
8 Ans. B Gardener 1 
9 Ans. B Mexico and Philippines 1 
10 Ans. C Both the statements are correct, and statement II correctly explains 
statement I 
1 
11 Ans. A(iv) - (ii) - (i) - (iii)  1 
12 Ans. D Helpful in production of hydro electricity   1 
13 Ans. D Twenty Years Road Plan  1 
 
Page 2 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
14 Ans. C to provide drinking water  1 
 Analyze the following diagram and answer question no 15 to 17 
 
15 Ans. A Birth Rate – Death Rate  1 
16 Ans. B Shift from Rural Agrarian economy to Urban Industrial economy 1 
17 Ans. A. High Birth Rate and High Death Rate 1 
 
 
 
 
 
The following questions are for visually impaired students in lieu of   
question 15,16 &17. 
15.1 A Birth Rate- Death Rate 
16.1 B Shift from Rural Agrarian economy to Urban Industrial economy 
17.1  A High Birth Rate and High Death Rate 
1 
 
1 
      
1 
SECTION B 
 Question numbers 18-23 are SA type questions. Question 18  & 19 are 
Source based questions. 
 
18 ANS.1- Rural and urban settlements differ in terms of social relationship, 
attitude and outlook.  
ANS.2- Cities act as nodes of economic growth; provide goods and services 
not only to urban dwellers but also to the people of the rural settlements in 
their hinterlands in return for food and raw materials. 
ANS.3- Rural people are less mobile and therefore, social relations among 
them are intimate. In urban areas, on the other hand, way of life is complex 
and fast, and social relations are formal. 
 3 
Page 3


 
Page 1 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
CBSE 
MARKING SCHEME 
GEOGRAPHY (029) 
Class: XII 2023–24 
Time allowed: 3 Hours                                                                                Maximum marks: 70 
SECTION A 
Q. No. There are 17 questions in this section. All are mandatory. Marks 
1 Ans. B Both the statements are true and statement 2 correctly explains the 
statement 1 
1 
2 Ans. B 
            I      II III IV  
   B.     2 1 4 3 
 
1 
3 
Ans. C Oil Ports 
1 
4 Ans. B Both the statements are true 1 
5 Ans. C. Productivity   - Resources must be used keeping in mind the future 1 
6 Ans. C Indo – Aryan 1 
7 
Ans. C1
st
 January 1995 
1 
8 Ans. B Gardener 1 
9 Ans. B Mexico and Philippines 1 
10 Ans. C Both the statements are correct, and statement II correctly explains 
statement I 
1 
11 Ans. A(iv) - (ii) - (i) - (iii)  1 
12 Ans. D Helpful in production of hydro electricity   1 
13 Ans. D Twenty Years Road Plan  1 
 
Page 2 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
14 Ans. C to provide drinking water  1 
 Analyze the following diagram and answer question no 15 to 17 
 
15 Ans. A Birth Rate – Death Rate  1 
16 Ans. B Shift from Rural Agrarian economy to Urban Industrial economy 1 
17 Ans. A. High Birth Rate and High Death Rate 1 
 
 
 
 
 
The following questions are for visually impaired students in lieu of   
question 15,16 &17. 
15.1 A Birth Rate- Death Rate 
16.1 B Shift from Rural Agrarian economy to Urban Industrial economy 
17.1  A High Birth Rate and High Death Rate 
1 
 
1 
      
1 
SECTION B 
 Question numbers 18-23 are SA type questions. Question 18  & 19 are 
Source based questions. 
 
18 ANS.1- Rural and urban settlements differ in terms of social relationship, 
attitude and outlook.  
ANS.2- Cities act as nodes of economic growth; provide goods and services 
not only to urban dwellers but also to the people of the rural settlements in 
their hinterlands in return for food and raw materials. 
ANS.3- Rural people are less mobile and therefore, social relations among 
them are intimate. In urban areas, on the other hand, way of life is complex 
and fast, and social relations are formal. 
 3 
 
Page 3 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
19 Ans.1.Trans-Siberian Railway, Russia. 
Ans.2. Angarsk & Chita 
Ans.3. (i) It runs through the Chita, which is an important agro-Centre and 
Irkutsk, a fur Centre.  
(ii) It has helped in opening up its Asian region to West European markets. 
(iii) It also connects links to the Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Mongolia and China. 
 
The following questions are for visually impaired students in lieu of 
Question No. 19 
19.1 Trans-Siberian Railway Line, Russia 
19.2 Moscow and Chita 
19.3 (i) It runs through the Chita, which is an important agro-centre and 
Irkutsk, a fur centre.  
(ii) It has helped in opening its Asian region to West European markets.  
(iii) It also connects links to the Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Mongolia and China. 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 
20 
Ans: A meaningful life is not just a long life; it also includes – 
? Healthy life. 
? Purposeful life 
? Free to achieve their goal 
? Able to develop their talent. 
OR 
Building people’s capabilities in the areas of health, education and resources 
is important in enlarging their choices. If people do not have capabilities in 
these areas, their choices also get limited. 
  
For example, an uneducated child cannot make the choice to be a doctor 
because her choice has got limited by her lack of education. Similarly, very 
often poor people cannot choose to take medical treatment for disease 
because their choice is limited by their lack of resources (money). 
3 
21 
Ans. The National Youth Policy (NYP–2014) launched in February 2014 
proposes a holistic ‘vision’ for the youth of India. 
It aims “To empower the youth of the country to achieve their full potential, 
and through them enable India to find its rightful place in the community of 
nations”.  
The NYP–2014 has defined ‘youth ‘as persons in the age group of 15–29 
years.  
3 
Page 4


 
Page 1 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
CBSE 
MARKING SCHEME 
GEOGRAPHY (029) 
Class: XII 2023–24 
Time allowed: 3 Hours                                                                                Maximum marks: 70 
SECTION A 
Q. No. There are 17 questions in this section. All are mandatory. Marks 
1 Ans. B Both the statements are true and statement 2 correctly explains the 
statement 1 
1 
2 Ans. B 
            I      II III IV  
   B.     2 1 4 3 
 
1 
3 
Ans. C Oil Ports 
1 
4 Ans. B Both the statements are true 1 
5 Ans. C. Productivity   - Resources must be used keeping in mind the future 1 
6 Ans. C Indo – Aryan 1 
7 
Ans. C1
st
 January 1995 
1 
8 Ans. B Gardener 1 
9 Ans. B Mexico and Philippines 1 
10 Ans. C Both the statements are correct, and statement II correctly explains 
statement I 
1 
11 Ans. A(iv) - (ii) - (i) - (iii)  1 
12 Ans. D Helpful in production of hydro electricity   1 
13 Ans. D Twenty Years Road Plan  1 
 
Page 2 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
14 Ans. C to provide drinking water  1 
 Analyze the following diagram and answer question no 15 to 17 
 
15 Ans. A Birth Rate – Death Rate  1 
16 Ans. B Shift from Rural Agrarian economy to Urban Industrial economy 1 
17 Ans. A. High Birth Rate and High Death Rate 1 
 
 
 
 
 
The following questions are for visually impaired students in lieu of   
question 15,16 &17. 
15.1 A Birth Rate- Death Rate 
16.1 B Shift from Rural Agrarian economy to Urban Industrial economy 
17.1  A High Birth Rate and High Death Rate 
1 
 
1 
      
1 
SECTION B 
 Question numbers 18-23 are SA type questions. Question 18  & 19 are 
Source based questions. 
 
18 ANS.1- Rural and urban settlements differ in terms of social relationship, 
attitude and outlook.  
ANS.2- Cities act as nodes of economic growth; provide goods and services 
not only to urban dwellers but also to the people of the rural settlements in 
their hinterlands in return for food and raw materials. 
ANS.3- Rural people are less mobile and therefore, social relations among 
them are intimate. In urban areas, on the other hand, way of life is complex 
and fast, and social relations are formal. 
 3 
 
Page 3 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
19 Ans.1.Trans-Siberian Railway, Russia. 
Ans.2. Angarsk & Chita 
Ans.3. (i) It runs through the Chita, which is an important agro-Centre and 
Irkutsk, a fur Centre.  
(ii) It has helped in opening up its Asian region to West European markets. 
(iii) It also connects links to the Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Mongolia and China. 
 
The following questions are for visually impaired students in lieu of 
Question No. 19 
19.1 Trans-Siberian Railway Line, Russia 
19.2 Moscow and Chita 
19.3 (i) It runs through the Chita, which is an important agro-centre and 
Irkutsk, a fur centre.  
(ii) It has helped in opening its Asian region to West European markets.  
(iii) It also connects links to the Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Mongolia and China. 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 
20 
Ans: A meaningful life is not just a long life; it also includes – 
? Healthy life. 
? Purposeful life 
? Free to achieve their goal 
? Able to develop their talent. 
OR 
Building people’s capabilities in the areas of health, education and resources 
is important in enlarging their choices. If people do not have capabilities in 
these areas, their choices also get limited. 
  
For example, an uneducated child cannot make the choice to be a doctor 
because her choice has got limited by her lack of education. Similarly, very 
often poor people cannot choose to take medical treatment for disease 
because their choice is limited by their lack of resources (money). 
3 
21 
Ans. The National Youth Policy (NYP–2014) launched in February 2014 
proposes a holistic ‘vision’ for the youth of India. 
It aims “To empower the youth of the country to achieve their full potential, 
and through them enable India to find its rightful place in the community of 
nations”.  
The NYP–2014 has defined ‘youth ‘as persons in the age group of 15–29 
years.  
3 
 
Page 4 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
22 
‘Naturalisation of Humans’  
? It refers to the point of view supporting environmental control on human 
action. 
? Human listened to Nature, was afraid of its fury and worshipped the 
natural forces. 
? Many of primitive societies live in complete harmony with their natural 
environment. 
? The physical environment for such societies becomes the ?Mother 
Nature. 
‘Humanization of Nature’ 
? With social and cultural Development, humans develop better and more 
efficient technology. 
? They move from a state of Necessity to a state of freedom. 
? They create Possibilities with the resources obtained from the 
environment. 
? Human has modified their surroundings according to their needs. 
? Imprints of human may be seen everywhere on the earth.  
OR 
Ans. The three dualism in geography which started wide-ranging debates in 
the discipline of geography are: 
  
a. Whether geography as a discipline should be a law making/ the orising 
(nomothetic) or descriptive (idiographic). 
b. Whether the approach of the study should be regional or systematic? 
c. Whether geographical phenomena can be interpreted theoretically or 
through a historic-institutional approach? 
3 
23 
Ans.  
i. Quaternary activities Centre around research and development. 
ii. It is an advanced form of services. 
iii. It involves specialised knowledge and technical skill. 
iv. It involves- 
     Collection of information 
              Production of information 
              Dissemination of information 
3 
SECTION C 
 Question numbers 24 to 28 are Long Answer based questions.  
Page 5


 
Page 1 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
CBSE 
MARKING SCHEME 
GEOGRAPHY (029) 
Class: XII 2023–24 
Time allowed: 3 Hours                                                                                Maximum marks: 70 
SECTION A 
Q. No. There are 17 questions in this section. All are mandatory. Marks 
1 Ans. B Both the statements are true and statement 2 correctly explains the 
statement 1 
1 
2 Ans. B 
            I      II III IV  
   B.     2 1 4 3 
 
1 
3 
Ans. C Oil Ports 
1 
4 Ans. B Both the statements are true 1 
5 Ans. C. Productivity   - Resources must be used keeping in mind the future 1 
6 Ans. C Indo – Aryan 1 
7 
Ans. C1
st
 January 1995 
1 
8 Ans. B Gardener 1 
9 Ans. B Mexico and Philippines 1 
10 Ans. C Both the statements are correct, and statement II correctly explains 
statement I 
1 
11 Ans. A(iv) - (ii) - (i) - (iii)  1 
12 Ans. D Helpful in production of hydro electricity   1 
13 Ans. D Twenty Years Road Plan  1 
 
Page 2 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
14 Ans. C to provide drinking water  1 
 Analyze the following diagram and answer question no 15 to 17 
 
15 Ans. A Birth Rate – Death Rate  1 
16 Ans. B Shift from Rural Agrarian economy to Urban Industrial economy 1 
17 Ans. A. High Birth Rate and High Death Rate 1 
 
 
 
 
 
The following questions are for visually impaired students in lieu of   
question 15,16 &17. 
15.1 A Birth Rate- Death Rate 
16.1 B Shift from Rural Agrarian economy to Urban Industrial economy 
17.1  A High Birth Rate and High Death Rate 
1 
 
1 
      
1 
SECTION B 
 Question numbers 18-23 are SA type questions. Question 18  & 19 are 
Source based questions. 
 
18 ANS.1- Rural and urban settlements differ in terms of social relationship, 
attitude and outlook.  
ANS.2- Cities act as nodes of economic growth; provide goods and services 
not only to urban dwellers but also to the people of the rural settlements in 
their hinterlands in return for food and raw materials. 
ANS.3- Rural people are less mobile and therefore, social relations among 
them are intimate. In urban areas, on the other hand, way of life is complex 
and fast, and social relations are formal. 
 3 
 
Page 3 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
19 Ans.1.Trans-Siberian Railway, Russia. 
Ans.2. Angarsk & Chita 
Ans.3. (i) It runs through the Chita, which is an important agro-Centre and 
Irkutsk, a fur Centre.  
(ii) It has helped in opening up its Asian region to West European markets. 
(iii) It also connects links to the Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Mongolia and China. 
 
The following questions are for visually impaired students in lieu of 
Question No. 19 
19.1 Trans-Siberian Railway Line, Russia 
19.2 Moscow and Chita 
19.3 (i) It runs through the Chita, which is an important agro-centre and 
Irkutsk, a fur centre.  
(ii) It has helped in opening its Asian region to West European markets.  
(iii) It also connects links to the Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Mongolia and China. 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 
20 
Ans: A meaningful life is not just a long life; it also includes – 
? Healthy life. 
? Purposeful life 
? Free to achieve their goal 
? Able to develop their talent. 
OR 
Building people’s capabilities in the areas of health, education and resources 
is important in enlarging their choices. If people do not have capabilities in 
these areas, their choices also get limited. 
  
For example, an uneducated child cannot make the choice to be a doctor 
because her choice has got limited by her lack of education. Similarly, very 
often poor people cannot choose to take medical treatment for disease 
because their choice is limited by their lack of resources (money). 
3 
21 
Ans. The National Youth Policy (NYP–2014) launched in February 2014 
proposes a holistic ‘vision’ for the youth of India. 
It aims “To empower the youth of the country to achieve their full potential, 
and through them enable India to find its rightful place in the community of 
nations”.  
The NYP–2014 has defined ‘youth ‘as persons in the age group of 15–29 
years.  
3 
 
Page 4 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
22 
‘Naturalisation of Humans’  
? It refers to the point of view supporting environmental control on human 
action. 
? Human listened to Nature, was afraid of its fury and worshipped the 
natural forces. 
? Many of primitive societies live in complete harmony with their natural 
environment. 
? The physical environment for such societies becomes the ?Mother 
Nature. 
‘Humanization of Nature’ 
? With social and cultural Development, humans develop better and more 
efficient technology. 
? They move from a state of Necessity to a state of freedom. 
? They create Possibilities with the resources obtained from the 
environment. 
? Human has modified their surroundings according to their needs. 
? Imprints of human may be seen everywhere on the earth.  
OR 
Ans. The three dualism in geography which started wide-ranging debates in 
the discipline of geography are: 
  
a. Whether geography as a discipline should be a law making/ the orising 
(nomothetic) or descriptive (idiographic). 
b. Whether the approach of the study should be regional or systematic? 
c. Whether geographical phenomena can be interpreted theoretically or 
through a historic-institutional approach? 
3 
23 
Ans.  
i. Quaternary activities Centre around research and development. 
ii. It is an advanced form of services. 
iii. It involves specialised knowledge and technical skill. 
iv. It involves- 
     Collection of information 
              Production of information 
              Dissemination of information 
3 
SECTION C 
 Question numbers 24 to 28 are Long Answer based questions.  
 
Page 5 of 9 
                          Geography Marking Scheme 2023-24 
24 
Ans: 
? The interior parts of semi-arid lands of the mid-latitudes in the world are 
the areas where extensive commercial grain cultivation takes place. 
? Here the size of farms is very large and population is in small number. 
? Operations of cultivation, right from ploughing to harvesting is mechanised. 
? Yield per person is high as the number of people working in farms is less 
and lot of machines is used. 
? The size of the farms is very large due to which per acre production or yield 
is low even though the total production is high. 
? This type of agriculture is practised in Eurasian Steppes, Canadian and 
American Prairies, Pampas of Argentina, Velds of South Africa, Australian 
Downs and the Canterbury Plains of New Zealand. 
5 
25 
Ans.: 
I. There is an urgent need to strictly implement the water management 
policy. 
II. Water intensive crops should be avoided and instead plantation crops 
such as Citrus fruits should be encouraged. 
III. The Command Area Development programmes such as lining of water 
courses, land development, and levelling and warabandi system (equal 
distribution of canal water in the command area of outlet) shall be 
effectively implemented to reduce the conveyance loss of water. 
IV. Efforts should be made to reclaim areas affected by water logging and 
soil salinity. 
V. Afforestation, shelter belt plantation and pasture development are 
necessary for eco- development. 
VI. For achieving social sustainability, land allotted with poor economic 
background should be given sufficient financial and institutional support 
so that they can cultivate their land in a proper way. 
VII. Other sectors of economy, in addition to agriculture, animal husbandry 
and allied activities, should be encouraged for attaining economic 
sustainability.  
5 
 26. a. There are two processes that induce land degradation. 
b. These are natural and created by human beings. 
c. Wastelands such as gullied/ ravenous land, desert or coastal sands, 
barren rocky areas, steep sloping land, and glacial areas are primarily 
caused by natural agents. 
5