Sample Questions and Solutions based on CCE pattern (CBSE syllabus)
Q.1: What are the main functions of a political party? [Long question 3-5 Marks]
Q.1 - Solution:
Main functions of a political party are:
1. To contest elections
In democracies, elections are fought mainly among the candidates put up by different political parties. Parties select their candidates in different ways. in India top party leaders choose candidates for contesting elections.
2. Forming policies and programmes
Parties put forward different policies and programmes and the voters choose from them.
3. Making laws
When parties come into power, they make laws for the country. Formally laws are debated and passed in the Legislature. Members of the ruling party follow the directions of the party leaders, irrespective of their personal opinions.
4. Parties form and run government
Parties recruit leaders, train them and then make them ministers to run government in the way they want.
5. Role of opposition
Parties that lose in elections, play the role of opposition to the parties in power by criticizing the government for its failure or wrong policies.
6. Shaping public opinion
They raise and highlight issues. Parties have lot of members and activists spread all over the country. Many of the pressure groups are extension of political parties among different sections of the society. Parties, sometimes also launch movements for the resolutions of problems faced by people.
7. Access to government machinery and welfare schemes
For any ordinary citizen it is easy to approach a local party leader than a government officer. That is why they feel close to the parties even when they do not fully trust them. parties have to responsive to people’s needs and demands.
Q.2: What are the obstructions and challenges faced by political parties? [Long question 3-5 Marks]
Q.2 - Solution:
1. Lack of Internal Democracy
2. Absence of Transparency
3. Money and Muscle Power
4. Meaningful Choices
Q.3: Why do we need political parties?
OR,
What is the necessity of a political party in a democracy?
OR
Why modern democracies can not exist without political parties?
Q.3 - Solution:
Political parties can be easily seen as one of the most visible institutions in democracies all over the world. The need of political parties lies in the facts –
So, political parties are in fact, a necessary condition in modern democracies.
Q.4: Mention some characteristics of political parties that distinguish them from other groups (parties).
Solution:
A political party is a group of people with common ideology who come together to contest elections and hold power in the Government.
The characteristics that distinguish political parties from other groups are -
=> They agree on policies and programmes for the society from which the common people will be benefitted.
=> Since there can be different views on what is good for all, parties try to persuade people why and how their policies are better than others.
=> They seek to implement these policies by winning popular support through elections.
=> A party is known by what it stands for, which policies it supports and whose interests it upholds.
=> A party runs with help of its leaders, active members and supporters.
Q.5: Differentiate between a National and a Regional / State party.
Solution:
The differences between a National and a Regional / State party are as follows:
Q.6: What is the role of ‘Opposition’ in democracy?
Solution:
The various roles of the opposition parties in a democracy are listed as follows –
(a) It acts like a watchdog of democracy. It keeps a check on the role of the Government (Ruling Party) and restricts them from misusing the power.
(b) It provides to the people alternative policies and keeps them aware of the failure of the Government in performing their duties or making wrong policies.
(c) The opposition is always a viable alternative to the ruling government.
Q.7: What is meant by ‘Defection’?
Solution:
Defection is an act of changing party allegiance from the party on which a person got elected (to a Legislative body) to a different party. Earlier it has been an important cause for the formation as well as fall of government. MLAs and MPs were indulging in defection in order to become ministers or for cash rewards. Later on the Constitution was amended and defection has been banned by passing ‘Anti Defection Law’.
Q.8: What are the components of a political party?
Solution:
A political party has three components –
Q.9: How do the political parties put forward and implement different policies and programmes?
Solution:
=> In a democracy there is a large number of similar opinions regarding what to be done for the people. Government needs to evolve a policy out of these. This work is done by the parties.
=> It reduces a vast number of opinions into a few basic ones which it supports. In this way government makes its policies based on the line taken by the ruling party.
=> Political parties implement their policies and programmes by winning elections or gaining popularity in the elections.
Q.10: Explain the terms - (a) Affidavit (b) Partisan and Partisanship (c) Election Commission (d) Opposition Party (e) Ruling Party
Solution:
1. What are political parties? |
2. Why are political parties essential for democracy? |
3. How do political parties function in India? |
4. What is the significance of political party symbols? |
5. How can citizens participate in political parties? |
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