Chemical Properties of Carbon & its Compounds Video Lecture - Class 10

hi in the session of carbon and carbon
compounds we are going to learn the
chemical properties of carbon compounds
carbon compounds generally give four
reactions and these four reactions are
combustion reactions oxidation reactions
addition reactions and substitution
reactions in this session we will mainly
focus on combustion reaction we all know
that carbon in all allotropic forms
burns in presence of oxygen that is f to
give us carbon dioxide along with two
components these two components are heat
and light now you all must be wondering
what does combustion means the process
of burning of carbon compounds in air to
give carbon dioxide water heat and light
is called as combustion let us
understand this process better with the
help of few examples the first example
is carbon when burnt and oxygen gives us
carbon dioxide plus heat and light so we
can represent this reaction as c plus o2
which gives the co2 plus heat and light
let us take a look at the second example
that is when methane which is ch4 when
burnt in presence of oxygen o2 gives us
two plus h2o plus heat and light
now the third reaction is when ethyl
alcohol burns in the presence of oxygen
can you tell me what is the formula for
ethyl alcohol we can write ethyl alcohol
as ch3 ch2 Oh H or c2h5oh plus o2 which
gives us carbon dioxide plus h2o that is
water plus heat and light now in all
these three reactions there is a
striking similarity and that similarity
is we have heat and light release in all
these reactions that is why these
reactions are called as combustion
reactions now you all must have noticed
many carbon compounds are used as fuels
have y'all ever thought why carbon
compounds such as petrol diesel etc I
use as fuel because they burn in air to
release lots of heat energy as we
produce lots of heat energy they are
used as fuels now this process of
combustion can be classified into two
types complete combustion and incomplete
combustion
now when we talk about combustion we
should also consider blue and a yellow
flame you all must have seen your gas
burning at home having turned cannon
tell me what color the flames of the gas
are they are blue flames most of the
time have you ever thought why they
appear blue that is because saturated
hydrocarbons when burned an ample of air
or oxygen gives us blue flame that is
because all the fuel is burnt completely
your can also see that the percentage of
carbon in saturated hydrocarbons is blue
and it gets oxidized completely in
presence of ample of oxygen let us take
few examples consider methane that the
ch4 c2h6 which is e thin and c2h2 now
you can notice that methane has four
hydrogen's and only one carbon atom
similarly Ethan has two carbon atoms and
six hydrogen atoms but c2h2 has equal
quantities of carbon and hydrogen
that is the reason why saturated
hydrocarbons get completely oxidized to
give us blue flame now if the air supply
is limited or decreased in case of
saturated hydrocarbons incomplete
combustion takes place this results in
the production of yellow sooty flame and
it also gives us black smoke let us take
one more example sometimes the flame of
a gas at home burns with yellow flames
and it also gives us black smoke due to
this the vessels are the pans that are
placed on the burners the lower portion
of this utensils gets blackened have you
ever thought why that is because this
generally happens when the holes of the
domestic gas burners are clogged
however when proper servicing of the gas
burners are done and the air holes are
cleaned we again get blue flames I am
sure you understood this particular
chemical property of carbon compound by
this combustion reaction to learn about
the other three chemical properties of
carbon compounds that is oxidation
reactions addition reaction and
substitution reaction please log on to
our website www.sceeto.com thank you